Nouvelles D’Europe, founded in January 1983 in Paris, is the flagship newspaper of the European Times Media Group and publishes 16 editions on weekdays and 20 editions on weekends. The publication has established offices in the UK, Germany, Austria, Italy and Spain, with its UK edition launching in 2011 and its German edition launching in September 2013. The media group operates what it describes as a “comprehensive media matrix” including newspapers, websites, and digital platforms. While the paper describes itself as providing global news and European coverage, investigations have established its close ties with Chinese state organizations, with 90 percent of shares held by the Hong Kong registered Asia Culture Enterprise Limited, or “Ya Zhou Wen Hua Enterprises,” an entity founded in 1997 by the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office (OCAO) — the external name of the CCP’s United Front Work Department (UFWD).