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Spain
On October 6, 2026, the China International Communications Group (中國外文局), or CICG, and the Chinese Embassy in Spain held a readers’ event in Madrid for the Spanish edition of the fifth volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China (習近平談治國理政), a collection of Xi’s speeches distributed abroad in dozens of languages as external propaganda. Chinese Ambassador Yao Jing (姚敬) said “Chinese modernization” (中國式現代化), a
Argentina, China, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Nigeria, Russia
On September 28, 2019, the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA, a Chinese Communist Party-led professional association that serves a key role in implementing press control policies, launched the Belt and Road Journalists Network (一帶一路記者組織合作平台) at the 2019 Belt and Road Journalists Forum in Beijing. According to China Daily, the ACJA initiated the network jointly with journalist groups in Belt and Road Initiative countries, with the stated purpose of promoting a “Silk Road spirit…
Nigeria
In May 2024, a delegation from the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA, a Chinese Communist Party-led professional association that serves a key role in implementing press control policies, visited the Abuja head office of Leadership Group Limited, publisher of the Nigerian daily Leadership. The delegation was led by ACJA Executive Secretary Wu Xu (吳旭) and accompanied by Christopher Isiguzo, president of the Nigeria Union of Journalists, which had signed a memorandum with the ACJA earlier that day. According to the pa…
Nigeria
In May 2024, the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA, a Chinese Communist Party-led professional association that serves a key role in implementing press control policies, signed a memorandum of understanding with the Nigeria Union of Journalists at the union’s national secretariat in Abuja. NUJ President Christopher Isiguzo said the agreement, which he described as signed “on behalf of every journalist in Nigeria,” would bring exchange visits and training programs. He said Nigerian journalists would attend a forum in Chin…
Russia
The Russian Union of Journalists (俄羅斯記者協會), or RUJ, is Russia’s largest professional association of media workers. It traces its origins to the Russian Union of Soviet Journalists, established at a congress in Moscow on November 13, 1918. The union in its current form was founded in 1992, according to Nova…
Nigeria
Leadership (領導者報) is a Nigerian English-language daily newspaper based in Abuja and published by Leadership Group Limited. It published its first edition on October 4, 2004. It grew out of Leadership Confidential, a newsletter that founder Sam Nda-Isaiah had marketed to embassies and political elites. On its 20th anniversary, the paper described itself as “Nigeria’s most influential newspaper.” Its Hausa-language edition, Leadership Hausa, h…
Nigeria
The Nigeria Union of Journalists (尼日利亞記者聯合會), or NUJ, is Nigeria’s national union of journalists, founded on March 15, 1955, in Lagos. It is a founding member of the presidium of the Belt and Road Journalists Network, a platform led by the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA. Christopher Isiguzo, then the NUJ’s national president, served as the network’s chairman-in-office in 2023. In October 2023, on the sidelines of the network’s forum in Beijing, the NUJ
Indonesia
The Indonesian Journalists Association (印度尼西亞記者協會), or PWI, founded on February 9, 1946, is Indonesia’s oldest journalists’ organization. Under Suharto’s New Order regime, it was the only journalists’ union the government recognized. In October 1994, the International Press Institute protested to Suharto that the “state-sponsored” PWI was trying to keep members of the newly formed Alliance of Independent Journalists from covering that year’s APEC summi…
Sri Lanka
The Sri Lanka-China Journalists’ Forum (斯里蘭卡中國記者論壇), or SLCJF, is a Colombo-based association of Sri Lankan media workers. It describes its purpose as promoting bilateral relations between Sri Lanka and China, according to a 2011 report in the Daily FT, which dates its founding to 2000. Oddly, the forum does not appear to have a website or a social media presence, and nearly all online references to the organization point back to Chinese state sources. Since 2008, it has published the Sinhala-language magaz…
Spain
The Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España), or PCE, was founded on November 14, 1921, following a split in the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. Headquartered in Madrid, the Marxist-Leninist party maintains the monthly publication Mundo Obrero and operates the Communist Youth Union of Spain. The party played a central role during the Spanish Civil War and currently holds seven seats in the Spanish Congress of Deputies as part of the United Left coalition. President José Lui…
Nigeria
Leadership Group Limited (領導者集團有限公司) is the Abuja-based media company that publishes the daily Leadership and National Economy. It was founded by Sam Nda-Isaiah, a pharmacist-turned-columnist. After his death in 2020, his wife, Zainab Nda-Isaiah, succeeded him as chairman. In May 2019, Sam Nda-Isaiah
Argentina
The Union of Press Workers of Buenos Aires (布宜諾斯艾利斯新聞工作者聯合會), or UTPBA, is an Argentine press union founded on September 25, 1986, when, according to the union, thousands of press workers voted in its first election. A former union leader has written that it was formed by merging two earlier Buenos Aires press organizations. The UTPBA holds the presidency of the Latin American Federation of Journalists,
Greece
On May 21, 2026, the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA, a Chinese Communist Party-led professional association that serves a key role in implementing press control policies, organized a joint reporting visit by more than 20 Chinese and Greek journalists to the port of Piraeus. The visit was reported by South, the external propaganda brand of Guangdong’s South International Communication Center (南方國際傳播中心), part of the provincial Nanfang Media Group (南方報業傳媒集團), which sent its own repr…
Rwanda
From June 21 to 28, 2026, the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA, a Chinese Communist Party-led professional association that serves a key role in implementing press control policies, and the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in Rwanda hosted an African media delegation in China. The delegation included staff of Rwanda’s Kigali Today Ltd., according to a first-person account by Antoinette Mutoni, published by Kigali Today’s English-language outlet KT Press and republished by the Belt and R…
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, China, Poland, Romania, Slovenia
On May 29, 2026, the “Home of Journalists” program of the official All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會), or ACJA, a Chinese Communist Party-led professional association that serves a key role in implementing press control policies, hosted a media roundtable in Dunhuang, in China’s Gansu province, for journalists, experts and scholars from China and 12 Central and Eastern European countries. Participants
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Federal News Agency, or FENA, is the news agency of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, one of the country’s two constituent entities. It was established by a Federation government decree of October 19, 2000, which merged the BH Press and HABENA agencies, and it began operating in October 2001. According to State Media Monitor, which classifies FENA as state-controlled, the Federation government appoints its management board, must consent to the appointment of its director, and provides most of its funding. The monitor found no statutory guarantee of editorial independence. Bosnian media have reported that FENA’s current …
United States
PHG Media Invest LLC is a company registered in the US state of Wyoming that the website of the Romanian news channel Realitatea Plus lists as its owner. Its registered office is a Sheridan, Wyoming, address shared by large numbers of companies that use it for registration purposes. Wyoming is a popular jurisdiction for such filings because it requires little public disclosure of ownership. The LLC takes the name of PHG Media Invest SRL, the Romanian company that holds the Realitatea Plus broadcast license. According to the channel’s lawyer, the US company took over the Romanian license holder and has the…
Rwanda
The Embassy of the People’s Republic of China in Rwanda (中華人民共和國駐盧旺達共和國大使館) is China’s diplomatic mission in Kigali. China and Rwanda established diplomatic relations in 1971. The embassy works with Rwanda’s government to implement outcomes of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and to expand people-to-people exchanges, according to a 2025 statement by China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In June 2026, the embassy co-hosted a China tour for Rwandan and other African journalists with the All-China Journalists Association (中華全國新聞工作者協會). A participating journalist from Kigali Today Ltd.
Romania
Realitatea Plus is a Romanian all-news television channel. Launched in 2015, it took over the programming of Realitatea TV, Romania’s first news channel, after Realitatea TV lost its license in 2019. The channel is controlled by the family of Maricel Păcuraru, a businessman described as controversial
Rwanda
KT Press is the English-language news outlet of Rwanda’s Kigali Today Ltd. It was founded in March 2014 and describes its mission as serving as a forum for better understanding and unity to help make Rwanda “truly one nation.” It belongs to the Kigali Today Ltd. group alongside KT Radio and the Kinyarwanda-language news site kigalitoday.com, and it maintains accounts on Facebook and X. Its coverage has at times defended the Rwandan government against critics. In 2018, for example, it promoted a radio program by its sister station exploring the
