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Malaysia
Radio Television Malaysia (RTM), Malaysia's state broadcaster, was established on 1 April 1946 as Radio Malaya. Unlike independent public broadcasters like the BBC, RTM is a government department under the Ministry of Communications with no statutory independence. The broadcaster operates 7 television channels and 34 radio stations nationwide, including the over-the-top streaming service RTM Klik. RTM is now financed through an allocation from the state budget and generates revenue through the sale of advertising and spo…
Barbados
The Barbados Government Information Service (BGIS) serves as the official communications arm of the Barbados Government, responsible for disseminating public information to news media and the general public. The department was established in 1958 in response to the need to inform and educate citizens about government activities. Over the decades, BGIS has evolved from a basic information management function into a comprehensive news and public relations agency that influences public opinion on governmental and national matters. Headquartered at Old Town Hall, Cheapside, the service is led by a Chief Information Officer who oversees the d…
Japan
The Japan-China Association is a Japanese bilateral friendship organization headquartered in Tokyo, founded in September 1975 through the efforts of business leader Okazaki Kaheita (岡崎嘉平太), former Tokyo University president Kaya Seiji (茅誠司), and former diplomat Kadowaki Suemitsu (門脇季光). The organization emerged during a period when Japan was seeking to normalize relations with China, distinct from the earlier Japan-China Friendship Association which split in 1966 into pro-JCP and non-JCP factions. The Association was incorporated as a legal entity in March 1981 under the supervision of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Former politician Takeshi …
Norway
TV 2 Direkte is a Norwegian broadcast television station based in Bergen that began operations in September 1992, becoming the first commercial free-to-air TV channel in Norway. The same year it became a full active member of the European Broadcasting Union, the alliance of public service media organisations broadcasting within the EU. Since 2012, TV 2 has been under the ownership of Egmont Group, a Danish media company.…
Maldives
Public Service Media (PSM) is the state-owned broadcaster of Maldives established on April 28, 2015, under the Public Service Media Act (Law 9/2015). Operating as the official state media, PSM manages multiple brands, including Television Maldives (TVM), PSM News, YES TV, Dhivehi Raajjeyge Adu, Dhivehi FM, Dheenuge Adu, Munnaaru TV, and PSM Connect. The organization emerged amid significant controversy when the International Federation of Journalists condemned its formation as creating a "state mouthpiece" that w…
Saudi Arabia
Riyadh Daily, published by Al-Yamamah Press Establishment, is the first English-language daily newspaper from Saudi Arabia's capital. It began as a newsletter in the 1960s before developing into a broadsheet in 1985 and was in circulation until January 1, 2004, when it ceased print publication. The newspaper was later revived as a digital-only publication, relaunching online on January 1, 2017, coinciding with King Salman's second anniversary as monarch. As a sister publication to the influential Arabic Al-Riy…
Russia
Founded in 2008 by oligarch Yury Kovalchuk, whom one Russian analyst referred to as "Putin’s long-time friend," National Media Group (Национальная Медиа Группа), or NMG, is Russia's largest private media conglomerate. The company controls Channel One, Channel 5, REN TV, CTC Media networks, and the national newspaper Izvestia. NMG operates through a joint venture structure involving state-controlled entities, including Rossiya Bank (the personal b…
Hong Kong, Malaysia
Media Chinese International Limited, formed in April 2008 and dual-listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and Bursa Malaysia, is a Chinese-language media group created by the successful merger of Ming Pao Enterprise Corporation Limited, Sin Chew Media Corporation Berhad, and Nanyang Press Holdings Berhad. The company traces its roots to Sin Poh Amalgamated, founded by Aw Boon Haw (胡文虎) in 1941. Its flagship publication in Hong Kong, Ming Pao (明報), established on 20 May 1959, was
Uganda
The government of Uganda operates as a presidential republic under the Constitution adopted on October 8, 1995, establishing a system where the president serves as both head of state and head of government. The current president, Yoweri Museveni, has served since 1986 and was most recently reelected to a sixth term in January 2021 following constitutional amendments that removed presidential term limits in 2005 and the age limit of 75 years in 2017. The president
Greece
Greece operates as a parliamentary republic with executive power shared between the president and the government. The Government of the Hellenic Republic directs national policy through a 20-member cabinet officially called the Ministerial Council. The president appoints the prime minister, who must maintain the confidence of parliament. Headquartered at Maximos Mansion in Athens, the government functions through multiple specialized bodies, including the Committee on Institutions and the Government Council for Foreign Affairs and Defence. This system balances centralized authority with democratic acc…
China
The Ningxia Daily Media Group (寧夏日報報業集團) is an institution directly affiliated with the Propaganda Office of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), established as a media conglomerate on July 26, 2006, and headquartered in Yinchuan. The group encompasses seven newspapers, two magazines, one website, and one mobile newspaper platform. The group is responsible for news propaganda and public opinion guidance (輿論導向) under the provincial leadership, operating with a 12-member Party Committee and 13-member Editorial Committee. The conglomerate operates through fi…
China
China Today (今日中國) magazine was established in 1952 as China Reconstructs by Soong Ching-ling (宋慶齡), widow of Sun Yat-sen and later honorary president of the People's Republic of China, in collaboration with naturalized Polish-Chinese journalist Israel Epstein. The magazine was renamed China Today in 1990 and is now operated under the China International Communications Group (CICG), which was established in October 1949. The publication describes itself as an official outlet intended to promote knowledge of China's culture, geography, economy, and social affairs to international audiences. China …
China
The Propaganda Department of the CCP Committee of Jiangxi Province (中共江西省委宣傳部) serves as the primary vehicle for the provincial Chinese Communist Party leadership to exercise control over public opinion and propaganda throughout Jiangxi Province. Operating under the direct authority of the provincial Party committee, the department oversees ideological work, news media management, and cultural affairs to ensure alignment with Party directives and central government policies. The department runs key "mouthpiece" (喉舌) media including Jiangxi Daily (江西日報), the province's official Party newspaper, and coordinates with other state media outlets to disseminate approved narratives. The …
Malaysia
Sin Chew Daily, founded on January 15, 1929, claims to be Malaysia's " leading Chinese-language newspaper with a mission to preserve Chinese culture". The paper suspended publication twice: 1942-1945 during Japanese occupation and 1987 when Malaysia revoked its license. Chairman Tiong Hiew King (張曉卿) secured its resumption on April 8, 1988. Headquartered in Petaling Jaya, Sin Chew Daily is now part of Media Chinese International Limited following a 2007 merger with Hong Kong's Ming Pao Group. The company operates over 30 Chinese publications, including Ming Pao, Guang Ming Daily, and Asia Weekly. With 350,000 circulation (including digital) r…
Thailand
The National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT), was established in 1956, with its administrative functions institutionalized in 1959 through the National Research Council Act. Originally functioning as a government organization equivalent to a department under the Prime Minister's direct command, NRCT served as the main national agency responsible for research policy and promotion across natural sciences, social sciences, arts, and humanities. Following Thailand's r…
China
The Propaganda Office of the Wenzhou Municipal Committee is the Chinese Communist Party's propaganda office for Wenzhou city in Zhejiang province. It is responsible for overall control of media and information in the city, and directly oversees leading CCP-controlled media outlets, including Wenzhou Daily (溫州日報). …
Russia
The All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (全俄国家电视广播公司), or VGTRK, is Russia's largest state-owned media corporation, founded in 1990 and headquartered in Moscow. The broadcaster operates five national television channels, including Rossiya 1 and the 24-hour news channel Rossiya 24, along with six radio stations and 89 regional networks broadcasting in 54 languages across Russia. VGTRK also runs the international channel RTR Planeta, which reaches audiences in the United States, Europe, and China. During Russia's invasion of Ukraine,
China
The Russian Embassy in China (俄羅斯駐華大使館) is the diplomatic mission of the Russian Federation in Beijing, representing Russian interests and maintaining bilateral relations between Russia and China. The embassy facilitates political dialogue, consular services, trade relations, and cultural exchanges between the two nations. Russia maintains additional consulates general in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenyang, and Hong Kong to serve its citizens and promote cooperation across multiple regions of China. The embassy plays a central role in coordinating high-level visits, implementing bilateral agreements, and supporting various cooperation mechanisms between Moscow and Beijing. It also provides vis…
China
The 31st ENEX General Assembly convened in Shanghai on September 26, 2024, co-hosted by the European News Exchange (ENEX) and the Shanghai Media Group (上海廣播電視台), or SMG, and organized by SMG International (上海文廣國際傳播中心). SMG International is Shanghai’s local international communication center (國際傳播中心), or ICC, part of Xi Jinping’s push to bring regional media groups into the larger project of national propaganda directed overseas. According to Chinese media, more than 70 delegates from 17 c…
UK
Sky News is a British television news channel that began broadcasting on February 5, 1989. The network operates as an editorially independent division of Sky UK, whose parent company is Comcast NBCUniversal. Sky News provides 24-hour news coverage across television, digital platforms, and radio, reporting on UK and international stories with correspondents stationed around the world.…
