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Portugal
The Portuguese Press Association was founded in 1960 as the National Guild of Regional Press (Grémio Nacional de Imprensa Regional), then transformed in 1975 into the Association of Non-Daily Press (Associação de Imprensa Não-Diária) before adopting its current name in September 2004. As Portugal's largest and most representative press employers' association, it currently represents over 200 member companies covering approximately 450 titles across national, regional, local, technical-professional, and specialized publications. The organization operates within Portugal's media landscape. …
China
Shaanxi Satellite TV, commonly known as SXTV, is a provincial-level satellite television network based in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Established in 1997 when the former Shaanxi Television's fourth channel went satellite, it serves as the flagship channel of Shaanxi Radio and Television Group. The network is recognizable by its distinctive orange logo featuring an "S" shape that resembles lightning, earning it the nickname "Lightning TV" among viewers. In 2012, SXTV underwent a major rebranding with a new focus on cultural programming, adopting the slogan "China Fusion, Fusion World" (中国融，融世界). The channel broadcasts in both standard and high-definition formats since 2014, with the transitio…
China
The Propaganda Office of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the CCP is the functional department of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee responsible for ideological work throughout the province. The department formulates and implements propaganda tasks, policies, and measures in accordance with central government directives and provincial party committee decisions. Led by a director who holds an ex officio seat on the Provincial Party Standing Committee, the office coordinates and guides all propaganda and cultural units in the province, overseeing media regulation, cultural activities, educational content, and internet information management. It ensures consistent messaging across all…
China
The Internet Affairs Office of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the CCP serves as the provincial-level branch of China's national cyberspace governance system. It functions as the executive arm of the Shaanxi Provincial Cyberspace Affairs Commission, operating under the "one institution with two names" system that characterizes China's cyberspace administration bodies. The office is responsible for implementing internet censorship, cybersecurity measures, and information control policies within Shaanxi Province. Similar to its national counterpart, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), it coordinates internet information content management, supervision, and enforcement at the p…
Russia
Gazprom-Media Holding is one of Russia's largest media conglomerates, controlling nearly 20 television and radio channels plus digital platforms. Key assets include flagship channel NTV, sports network Match TV, entertainment channel TNT, and digital platforms like Rutube and PREMIER. The company also operates extensive radio networks, including Energy and Autoradio. Classified as "Captured Public/State-Managed," Gazprom Media maintains complex state control through Gazprombank ownership, ultimately tracing to entities close to Presiden…
Egypt
On July 30, 2024, the Arab League (阿拉伯國家聯盟) and China Media Group (中央廣播電視總台) signed a memorandum of understanding to collaborate on documentary archives, content production, media technology, and personnel exchanges, expanding China's media footprint across Arab nations. The two organizations planned to produce a documentary for the 20th anniversary of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, scheduled to premiere at the 2026 China-Arab Summit. Shen Haixiong (慎海雄), deputy head of the CPC Central Committee Publicity Depar…
Germany
Berliner Zeitung is a daily German newspaper first published on May 21, 1945, as the first post-World War II daily in Berlin. Initially established under Soviet control in East Berlin, it became the largest newspaper in the German Democratic Republic during the Cold War era. After German reunification, ownership changed multiple times through Gruner+Jahr and Robert Maxwell (1990), Holtzbrinck (2002), Mecom Group (2005), DuMont (2009), and finally to entrepreneurs Silke and Holger Friedrich in September 2019. The paper
Germany
China Media Group (CMG) (中央廣播電視總台) and Germany's Berliner Zeitung (柏林日報) launched a new column in November 2024 called "China Perspective," featuring articles by CMG reporters. The column's first piece, published on November 16, analyzed Volkswagen's factory closures while highlighting China's developments in electric vehicles. A second article, published on November 30, discussed the C919 commercial airliner and promoted Beijing's na…
Spain
On October 25, 2019, China's Xinhua News Agency (新華社) and Spain's Europa Press announced a collaboration agreement that both parties described as "a privileged broadcast channel" for Spain in China. Europa Press, Spain's largest private news agency, partnered with the Chinese state-run agency in what Xinhua
Vietnam
Voice of Vietnam (越南之聲廣播電台) and China Media Group (中央廣播電視總台) signed a cooperation agreement on April 14, 2025, during Chinese President Xi Jinping's (習近平) state visit to Vietnam. The agreement, marking the 75th anniversary of Vietnam-China diplomatic relations established on January 18, 1950, aims to "strengthen bilateral media relations through joint reporting on significant developments in Vietnam-China relations," according to…
Spain
El Mundo Financiero, founded in 1946 by José Luis Barceló Fernández de la Mora, is an international economic and financial daily publication based in Madrid. The outlet specializes in economics, finance, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), stock markets, foreign trade, banking, and insurance. The publication also features specialized sections on automotive, wine, and gastronomy. El Mundo Financiero maintains offices in Madrid, Barcelona, and Pamplona. …
Cambodia
President Xi Jinping (習近平) published a signed article in three Cambodian media outlets on April 17, 2025, during his state visit to Cambodia (柬埔寨). The article appeared in the Khmer Times (高棉時報), Jian Hua Daily (柬華日報), and the Fresh News website (新鮮新聞網). This media engagement was part of Xi's three-nation Southeast Asian tour amid U.S.-China trade tensions, with the article first reported by Xinhua News Agen…
Cambodia
China's National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA) (國家廣播電視總局) and Cambodia's Ministry of Information signed an action plan (2025-2026) for broadcasting cooperation during President Xi Jinping's (習近平) state visit to Cambodia on April 17. The plan outlines 13 collaborative projects spanning audiovisual policy communication, personnel exchanges, and content and technology industry coo…
Vietnam
On April 15, 2025, the "Audio-Visual China · Enter Vietnam" (視聽中國·走進越南) exchange event was held in Hanoi, guided by China's National Radio and Television Administration's (國家廣播電視總局) International Cooperation Department (國際合作司) and co-hosted by the Guangxi Autonomous Region Radio and Television Bureau (廣西壯族自治區廣播電視局) and Hanoi Radio and Television Station (河內廣播電視台). Over 100 representatives from media organizations, cultural groups, and universities attended the event themed "Moving Forward Together, Creating the Future Together" (攜手共進，共創未來). The event featured the signing of a cooperation memorandum between Nanning Media Center and Hanoi…
Vietnam
Hanoi Radio-Television (Đài Phát thanh - Truyền hình Hà Nội), was established on October 14, 1954, as the official broadcast network of Vietnam's capital city. According to Vietnamese government sources, regional television stations operate in major Vietnamese cities, including Hanoi, with each of Vietnam's 61 provinces maintaining its own television channel under state oversight. The station initially operated as a fixed radio station with basic technical facilities. The network operates within Vietnam's state media system, which is
Russia
ANO TV-Novosti is the parent company of RT (formerly Russia Today), registered as an "autonomous non-profit organization" on 6 April 2005 in Moscow with registration number 1057746595367. The organization was founded by the Russian state news agency RIA Novosti and operates from 111020 Moscow, Borovaya Street 3, Building 1. ANO TV-Novosti has been sanctioned by multiple jurisdictions including the European Union, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Ukraine, and Australia for its role in spreading propaganda. According to EU sanctions documentati…
Thailand
The Bangkok Post, founded on August 1, 1946, is Thailand's oldest English-language newspaper still in publication. Published in broadsheet and digital formats, it maintains a daily circulation of 110,000 copies with 80 percent distributed in Bangkok. The newspaper was established by former OSS officer Alexander MacDonald and Thai associate Prasit Lulitanond (ประสิทธิ์ ลุลิตานนท์), initially selling for one baht per four-page issue. Now owned by Bangkok Post Public Company Limited (SET: POST), whose major shareholders include the Chirathivat family, South China Morning Post, and GMM Grammy, the publication employs…
Thailand
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (李克強) published a signed article in five Thai newspapers on November 2, 2019, ahead of attending East Asian cooperation leaders' meetings in Bangkok. The piece appeared in Matichon, Khaosod, Prachachat, Bangkok Post and Sing Sian Rit Pao (星暹日報). Li's article discussed China-ASEAN economic ties, noting China had been ASEAN's largest trading partner for ten consecutive years while ASEAN became China's second-largest trading partner in 2019. He mentioned ongoing South China Sea negotiations and highlighted the upcomin…
Greece
Chinese President Xi Jinping (習近平) published a signed article titled "Let the Wisdom of Ancient Civilizations Illuminate the Future" (讓古老文明的智慧照鑑未來) in Greece's Kathimerini newspaper on November 10, 2019. The piece appeared ahead of his three-day state visit to Greece at the invitation of President Prokopis Pavlopoulos (Προκόπης Παυλόπουλος). Xi drew parallels between ancient Chinese and Greek philosophy, emphasizing their shared "human-centered" (以民為本) values while promoting Belt and Road (一帶一路) cooperation. He claimed Piraeus had been transformed into the "Mediterran…
China, Mexico
On September 19, 2012, Liu Yunshan (劉雲山), then Chinese Communist Party Politburo member and head of the Central Propaganda Department (中央宣傳部部長), met with the director of Mexico's Presidential Press Office at the Great Hall of the People (人民大會堂) in Beijing. According to the official Chinese government report, Liu stated that China-Mexico relations had maintained "good development momentum" (良好發展勢頭) over 40 years of diplomatic relations and expressed desire to "deepen strategic partnership" (深入發展戰略伙伴關係). The Chinese report stated that Liu called for strengthened news media exchang…
