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Nordic Chinese TIMES

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Nordic Chinese Times was launched in 2009 by He Ru (何儒), a native of Guangxi who arrived in Sweden in 2006 and is now president of the Copenhagen-based Nordic-Chinese Chamber of Commerce (北欧中国商会). He Ru told China’s official state broadcaster CCTV in 2019 that after arriving in Sweden, he realized that “it was hard to find news about China in the local media, and if there was news, it was largely negative.” He launched the Nordic Chinese Times the next year, urging his colleagues, according to the CCTV report, to “stick to the principle of impartiality.” While there is no evidence that the outlet is operated or influenced directly by PRC entities, it has established official content cooperation with the CCP’s People’s Daily, and content from official state media, including Xinhua News Agency, is prevalent.

Xiaohongshu

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Xiaohongshu (小紅書), also known as RedNote, is a Chinese social networking and e-commerce platform founded in 2013. Launched initially as an online shopping platform, it has evolved into something similar to Instagram, focusing on lifestyle content including fashion, beauty, and travel. The name is a tongue-in-cheek reference to Chinese leader Mao Zedong’s famous “Little Red Book,” or the Quotations of Chairman Mao (毛主席语录), which many Chinese carried during the Cultural Revolution period — suggesting the contemporary platform is an essential guide, in this case to shopping, that users must always consult. The app reported 300 million monthly active users worldwide by August 2025, nearly 80 percent of whom are women. In 2022, leaked documents published by China Digital Times revealed that Xiaohongshu’s content moderation teams censor posts about topics sensitive to the Chinese Communist Party, including derogatory nicknames for General Secretary Xi Jinping, labor strikes, and student suicides. In January 2025, Xiaohongshu experienced a significant influx of American users following TikTok’s week-long ban in the US.

Apsara Media Services

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Apsara Media Services (AMS) is a Cambodian multimedia television organization that operates Apsara TV11 and describes itself as a “newly formed” multimedia channel aimed at establishing itself in the online media industry. The company is headquartered in Phnom Penh and operates from the Khemrany Building on Fine Arts Street. AMS states its mission is to “provide high-quality content” to audiences across Cambodia and internationally, with a vision to “become the leading innovative broadcasting platform” that produces quality content. The organization produces content in the form of videos, articles, and programs for educational and entertainment purposes, operating specialized divisions including AMS Central for news, AMS Sports, and AMS Khmer Civilization, focusing on cultural programming.

Penghu Times

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The Penghu Times (澎湖時報) is a daily newspaper based in Magong City (馬公市), the administrative seat of Penghu County (澎湖縣), an archipelago of some 90 islands located approximately 50 kilometers west of Taiwan’s main island and regarded as strategically significant to the defense of the Taiwan Strait. According to the outlet’s own history, it was founded on January 1, 1997, by a group of local Penghu residents to fill the gap left by the closure of the Jianguo Daily (建國日報), a newspaper that had operated since 1949 under the Penghu Defense Command (澎湖防衛司令部) of the Ministry of National Defense and ceased publication following the lifting of martial law. The paper launched initially as a weekly trial edition of four pages before converting to a daily eight-page format after three months. It describes itself as the oldest and highest-circulation newspaper serving Penghu County, with distribution covering government bodies, businesses, and general readers across the archipelago, supplemented by an online edition. Editorial coverage focuses on local Penghu news, county government policy, social affairs, tourism, and lifestyle.

Liaoning Provincial Taiwan Affairs Office

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The Liaoning Provincial Taiwan Affairs Office (遼寧省人民政府台灣事務辦公室) is a provincial government agency responsible for coordinating cross-strait exchanges and implementing propaganda activities in line with Chinese Communist Party objectives regarding Taiwan.  Established as part of the broader Taiwan Affairs Office network that was created in 1988 under the leadership of the CCP’s Central Committee and State Council, the local office manages all Taiwan-related policies, including personnel exchanges, seminars, and international visits.

China Weekly (Egypt)

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Established in 2012 as the sole Chinese-founded publication in the Middle East with official registration under Egypt’s General News Authority, China Weekly Egypt publishes in both Chinese and Arabic. The newspaper focuses on Chinese politics, economics, culture, and sports while featuring a special section on “Chinese in Egypt.” Led by director Ma Qiang (马强) since its founding, the publication produced a “Friendship Special Edition” during Xi Jinping’s 2016 Egypt visit. The newspaper appears connected to China News Service (CNS)—an official state news wire under the United Front Work Department of the Chinese Communist Party—based on content analysis and frequent cross-posting to CNS websites. Despite initially achieving financial break-even and expanding to Sudan and Jordan, Ma Qiang told the CCP’s official People’s Daily in 2013, political turmoil in Egypt dramatically reduced the Chinese population from 50,000 to 8,000, challenging the paper’s survival. Ma led the Egypt media delegation to China in October 2024, where he received the PRC flag during a formal welcome ceremony attended by top propaganda officials and CNS leader Tang Weijie (唐伟杰).

World Chinese Media Co-Operation Union

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Established in 2009, the Global Chinese Media Cooperative Union is a global organization operated by the Chinese Communist Party’s United Front Work Department through China News Service (中國新聞社), one of two official wire services in China. While the union claims to be a “non-profit organization voluntarily comprised of overseas Chinese-language media outlets,” it functions as a vehicle to promote Chinese Party-state narratives. The organization publicly states its mission to support official Chinese Communist Party agendas such as the Belt and Road initiative and to “rationally guide the public opinion of ethnic Chinese.” China News Service, which oversees the union, was established on October 1, 1952, and was absorbed into the United Front Work Department in 2018 when its previous oversight body, the Overseas Chinese Affairs Office, was merged into the UFWD.

Geoecohub

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Economic Center Network, operating digitally as Geoecohub, is a Georgian news website with editor-in-chief Liana Jorjoliani. Jorjoliani has maintained a sustained focus on Chinese affairs since at least 2015, participating in China’s 2019 Visiting Program for Young Sinologists and covering the 20th National Congress of the CCP in October 2022 as a foreign correspondent in Beijing. In her 2022 coverage, Jorjoliani praised China’s anti-corruption efforts and environmental policies, stating “China shows zero tolerance in opposing corruption, which reflects the Chinese government’s strong sense of responsibility” — a highly uncritical and, many experts would argue, uninformed perception of related policies — and describing the Congress organization as “excellent” evidence of “China’s open attitude.” Her reporting, including the widespread use of state media content from Xinhua News Agency and China News Service, occurs within the context of Georgia’s 2023 Strategic Partnership with China, which elevated bilateral relations and committed Georgia to “strengthen coordination and collaboration” with Beijing on regional and international affairs. Research by Civic Idea has documented pro-China propaganda networks in Georgian media following the partnership’s signing. Geoecohub has prominently promoted clear propaganda from China, including 2025 reports from a Xinhua News Agency think tank that purport to “reveal the truth about external forces interfering in the South China Sea issue.” Jorjoliani participated in the February 2026 Belt and Road Media Cooperation Forum journalist delegation touring Chinese industrial sites.The registration information for the Geoecohub website provides a Russia-based e-mail contact, medea23@rambler.ru, that links to the Facebook account of “Lika Zhorzholiani,” apparently an alternate spelling for Liana Jorjoliani.

Nokorwat News Daily

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Nokorwat News Daily is a privately owned Cambodian newspaper founded in 2010 by General Kun Kim, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces, and Director Touch Kong Kea. The publication claims to print 50,000 copies daily six days a week, with 1,300 copies reportedly distributed free of charge to government offices and coffee shops in Phnom Penh. The newspaper covers a broad range of topics from sports to international news and maintains a national reach despite holding only a 2% audience share. Its digital presence allegedly attracts 20,000-25,000 daily visitors “according to the publication’s own figures.” The newspaper gained attention in 2011 when it filed a criminal infringement lawsuit against Soy Sopheap, founder of DAP Media Center, alleging tampering with correspondence.