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Nauru Media Bureau

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The Nauru Media Bureau functions as the island nation’s public broadcaster and media regulator, operating under the state-owned Nauru Broadcasting Service. The bureau was established in 1998 through the merger of television and radio services, evolving from Nauru Television, which was first established in 1991. The organization provides essential broadcasting services for Nauru’s approximately 12,000 residents across its 21-square-kilometer territory. The bureau houses Nauru Television (broadcasting 24 hours daily), Radio Nauru, and publishes the monthly newspaper Mwinen Ko (roughly translated as “Let’s Talk about It”), which was introduced in 2009. Following Nauru’s resumption of diplomatic relations with China in January 2024, China Media Group (中央廣播電視總台), has opened a Bureau in the country and conducted interviews with Nauruan officials as part of expanded bilateral cooperation.

Government of Malaysia

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The Government of Malaysia, officially the Federal Government of Malaysia (Kerajaan Persekutuan Malaysia), operates as a constitutional monarchy under the Westminster parliamentary system. Established in 1963, it functions through three branches: the executive led by Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, the bicameral Parliament consisting of the House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat) and Senate (Dewan Negara), and an independent judiciary headed by the Federal Court. While the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King) serves as the ceremonial head of state, effective executive power resides with the Cabinet. Based primarily in Putrajaya (with Parliament located in Kuala Lumpur), the federal government administers national affairs while respecting the autonomy of Malaysia’s 13 states and three federal territories. Each state maintains its own government with executive councils led by Chief Ministers or Menteri Besar, creating a federated system unified under the supreme Federal Constitution.

Jiangmen Overseas Chinese Media Center

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Established in 2024 as an international outreach arm of Jiangmen’s United Front system, the Jiangmen Overseas Chinese Media Center operates under the direct control of the Jiangmen Returned Overseas Chinese Federation (江门市归国华侨联合会). The center is chaired by Yang Xuedong (杨学东), who simultaneously serves as a vice chairman of the Federation. Its primary mission involves cultivating relationships with overseas Chinese-language media to disseminate “Jiangmen stories” internationally. As of 2023, the center claimed partnerships with over 100 overseas Chinese media outlets across 57 countries. It regularly reports to the Federation’s Party Committee Secretary and holds quarterly work meetings where Federation officials provide directives and guidance for its international propaganda efforts.

Jiangmen Returned Overseas Chinese Federation

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Established in 1955, according to the federation‘s official website, the Jiangmen Returned Overseas Chinese Federation functions as a mass organization founded and led by the Chinese Communist Party to serve as a bridge between the Party-state and overseas Chinese communities. Operating under the direct leadership of the Jiangmen Municipal Party Committee, but linked to the national United Front Work Department system, the Federation claims to employ 12 staff members across three departments and oversees eight affiliated organizations, including the Jiangmen Overseas Chinese Media Center (江門市僑媒中心). Following the principle of “working domestically while influencing internationally,” the Federation implements overseas United Front work through cultural exchanges, business promotion, and media outreach. According to its website, it has established 986 overseas Chinese organizations citywide, with 437 Party-led overseas Chinese work stations. The Federation actively collaborates with the United Front Work Department to implement the “Overseas Chinese Affairs Strong City” initiative while maintaining relationships with 74 overseas Chinese media outlets across 30 countries.

China-Africa Press Exchange Center

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Established in 2014 by China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the China-Africa Press Center (CAPC) functions as a key component of Beijing’s media diplomacy in Africa. The center invites selected African journalists for 10-month stays in China, combining academic study at prestigious institutions with guided reporting tours of Chinese cities, factories, and government events. While officially described as helping African media “accurately report on China,” the program strategically shapes perceptions by exposing journalists to carefully curated positive aspects of Chinese development. Nigerian journalist Solomon Elusoji, who participated in 2018, noted his initial skepticism transformed after seeing China’s infrastructure, though he maintained that African countries must “make full use” of China-Africa relations. The program shows Beijing’s systematic approach to cultivating favorable media coverage in African countries through direct engagement with journalists.

National Сouncil of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine

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The National Council of Television and Radio Broadcasting of Ukraine is a constitutional, permanently operating regulatory authority that supervises Ukraine’s television and radio broadcasting sector. The Council operates under the framework established by Ukraine’s Law on Television and Radio Broadcasting of December 21, 1993. The Council consists of eight members—four appointed by the Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) and four by the President—serving five-year terms. Its responsibilities include broadcasting licensing, monitoring compliance with Ukrainian media legislation, managing radio frequency resources, and implementing public policy in the television and radio information sphere. Following the 2014 conflict, the Council has actively regulated both domestic and foreign media content, particularly ordering measures against Russian channels “accused of broadcasting misleading information about Ukraine” in March 2014. The Council has also overseen Ukraine’s transition to digital broadcasting and public television reforms, including the establishment of the Public Broadcasting Company of Ukraine in 2017.

Nordic Chinese TIMES

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Nordic Chinese Times was launched in 2009 by He Ru (何儒), a native of Guangxi who arrived in Sweden in 2006 and is now president of the Copenhagen-based Nordic-Chinese Chamber of Commerce (北欧中国商会). He Ru told China’s official state broadcaster CCTV in 2019 that after arriving in Sweden, he realized that “it was hard to find news about China in the local media, and if there was news, it was largely negative.” He launched the Nordic Chinese Times the next year, urging his colleagues, according to the CCTV report, to “stick to the principle of impartiality.” While there is no evidence that the outlet is operated or influenced directly by PRC entities, it has established official content cooperation with the CCP’s People’s Daily, and content from official state media, including Xinhua News Agency, is prevalent.

Apsara Media Services

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Apsara Media Services (AMS) is a Cambodian multimedia television organization that operates Apsara TV11 and describes itself as a “newly formed” multimedia channel aimed at establishing itself in the online media industry. The company is headquartered in Phnom Penh and operates from the Khemrany Building on Fine Arts Street. AMS states its mission is to “provide high-quality content” to audiences across Cambodia and internationally, with a vision to “become the leading innovative broadcasting platform” that produces quality content. The organization produces content in the form of videos, articles, and programs for educational and entertainment purposes, operating specialized divisions including AMS Central for news, AMS Sports, and AMS Khmer Civilization, focusing on cultural programming.

Bangladesh Television

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Bangladesh Television or BTV ( বাংলাদেশ টেলিভিশন (বিটিভি)) was established on December 25, 1964, originally as Pakistan Television in East Pakistan before being renamed after Bangladesh’s independence in 1971. The state-owned network operates two main stations – BTV Dhaka and BTV Chittagong, with the Chittagong station established in 1996 – along with fourteen relay stations nationwide and BTV News. The network relies on revenue from license fees imposed on all households, though this has proven insufficient to cover operational costs, requiring significant government financial support. Since private channels emerged in the late 1990s, BTV has experienced declining viewership. Reporters Without Borders has characterized BTV as functioning as a “government propaganda outlet” with no editorial independence.