The Federal Government of Nigeria operates as a federal republic established in 1960, with power shared between federal, state, and local levels. President Bola Ahmed Tinubu currently leads the executive branch, while the National Assembly comprises the Senate and House of Representatives, focusing on economic development, security, and infrastructure priorities.
Guangdong Xiexun Technology Co. Ltd. was established in 2017 with a registered capital of 10 million yuan. The company describes itself as focused on “internet product development for Southeast Asian countries,” and claims to customize internet products based on “changing market demands” in Southeast Asia. It is unclear whether the company has any connections to official government entities in the PRC, though its TNAOT Cambodian news app largely features content from Chinese state-run media, including the People’s Daily, and strongly promotes the Belt and Road Initiative.
The Propaganda Office of the Ningxia Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (中共寧夏回族自治區委員會宣傳部) serves as the chief office responsible for communicating the agendas of the regional party leadership and overseeing state-run media throughout Ningxia, including direct supervision of the Ningxia Daily Media Group (寧夏日報報業集團) and other regional outlets. The office coordinates party ideological work across the autonomous region, exercising comprehensive control over news, publishing, and cultural production within Ningxia’s borders. It enforces the party’s media discipline, ensuring all local outlets maintain proper political orientation and implement public opinion guidance (輿論導向). The office maintains direct administrative authority over major media conglomerates in the region and oversees ideological compliance across newspapers, broadcasting, and digital platforms.
The Afghan Ministry of Information and Culture (وزارت اطلاعات و فرهنگ) is a government ministry established to oversee culture, tourism, publishing affairs, and youth programs, headquartered in Kabul. The ministry claims responsibility for cultural preservation, media oversight, and youth development across Afghanistan. Prior to the Taliban’s seizure of control on August 15, 2021, the organization had been led by various ministers including Sayed Makhdoom Raheen, who served multiple terms between 2001 and 2015 and founded the Association for Peace and Democracy for Afghanistan, and Abdul Bari Jahani, a former Voice of America broadcaster who wrote the lyrics to Afghanistan’s national anthem. The ministry is currently headed by Khairullah Khairkhwa, who previously served in the same role during the Taliban’s earlier governance period from 1996 to 2001.
The Yunnan Provincial Journalists Association (雲南省新聞工作者協會), also known as the Yunnan Journalists Association (雲南省記協), is a provincial chapter of China’s All-China Journalists Association (ACJA), established in 1956. The chapter was suspended during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976), and resumed operations in 1980. Like its national counterpart, the provincial association plays a key role, in coordination with the provincial propaganda office, in controlling the activities of local journalists, including through the issuance of press cards and conducting training in the Marxist View of Journalism.
The Liaison Office of the Central People’s Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (中央人民政府駐香港特別行政區聯絡辦公室) was established on January 18, 2000, succeeding the Xinhua News Agency Hong Kong Branch that operated since 1947. Also known as the Hong Kong Work Committee of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party under a “one institution with two names” system, the office serves as Beijing’s representative in Hong Kong and coordinates pro-Beijing candidates, mobilizes supporters for “patriotic” political parties, and orchestrates electoral campaigns. Critics have alleged that the office interferes in the affairs of Hong Kong against stipulations in the territory’s Basic Law that “no department of the Central People’s Government and no province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may interfere in the affairs which the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.” The office, and state media, have strenuously denied accusations of interference, arguing it has the power to “supervise” and that it is not bound by the Basic Law. The office controls pro-Beijing media including Ta Kung Pao (大公报), Wen Wei Po (文汇报), and Commercial Daily (商报) through subsidiary Guangdong New Culture Development.
The Ta Kung Pao Wen Wei International Communication Center (大公文汇国际传播中心) was officially established on November 12, 2023, during the Overseas Chinese Media Cooperation Organization Annual Conference in Dongguan, serving as Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao Wen Wei Po Media Group’s mainland operational headquarters. The center integrates the group’s media brands, platforms, activities, and overseas resources to serve government departments and large enterprises in “international communication capacity building, foreign public opinion monitoring, overseas brand promotion, economic cooperation, and cultural exchanges.” According to official descriptions, the center aims to “tell China’s stories well” using “language that the international community can understand and accept,” organizing activities including Jin Yong centenary promotions, World Water Day campaigns, and Yellow Emperor ancestor worship ceremonies — standard PRC soft power initiatives positioning cultural events as international communication rather than independent media operations.
StarTimes Media Co. Ltd is a Chinese electronics and media company founded in 1988 by Chinese engineer Pang Xinxing (龐新星). The company, with a strong presence in Sub-Saharan Africa, offers digital terrestrial and satellite television services while providing technologies to countries transitioning from analog to digital television. As of 2024, StarTimes established “a network transmission platform covering 45 countries and 1.2 billion people in Sub-Saharan Africa” and became “the only operator providing paid-long video services in English, French, and Portuguese-speaking regions of Africa simultaneously.” In 2018, the company began implementing the “Access to satellite TV for 10,000 African villages” project, which it described as a “China-Africa cooperation project aimed at giving rural areas of Africa access to digital media.”
The Ministry of Culture of Brazil is a cabinet-level federal ministry first established in 1985. After being dissolved by President Jair Bolsonaro in 2019, it was reinstated by President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva in 2023. Led by Minister Margareth Menezes, MinC oversees Brazil’s cultural policies through various secretariats, including Audiovisual, Creative Economy, Cultural Diversity, and Copyright. The ministry manages key cultural institutions such as the National Library Foundation, National Arts Foundation (Funarte), and the National Cinema Agency (Ancine). Its flagship initiative is the Rouanet Law, which allows companies and individuals to direct portions of their income tax toward cultural sponsorship.