The National Data Administration (国家数据局) is a national bureau under China’s State Council, managed by the National Development and Reform Commission, established in October 2023. The bureau coordinates construction of data infrastructure systems, oversees integration and development of data resources, and advances planning for Digital China (数字中国), the digital economy and digital society. Its responsibilities include promoting data element markets (数据要素市场), coordinating digital infrastructure development, facilitating cross-border data cooperation, and participating in international digital governance rules. The administration operates with vice-ministerial rank and comprises five internal departments covering comprehensive affairs, policy and planning, data resources, digital economy, and digital technology and infrastructure construction.