Extremadura Television (Televisión de Extremadura) is the public broadcaster for Spain’s western Extremadura region, which officially began broadcasting on February 15, 2006. The broadcaster operates television and radio services providing news, cultural programming, and entertainment content. In 2023, the broadcaster joined a group of Spanish media in broadcasting “China-Spain Cultural Journey” (中西文化之旅), a series of programs marking the 50th anniversary of China-Spain diplomatic relations, organized between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and the China Media Group (CMG), the mega-conglomerate under China’s Central Propaganda Department.
Spanish Television (Televisión Española), or TVE, is Spain’s national state-owned public television broadcaster and the country’s oldest regular television service. TVE began broadcasting on October 28, 1956, from studios in Madrid, operating as a state monopoly for decades. The broadcaster operates multiple domestic channels covering general entertainment, culture, news, and sports, as well as international services broadcasting Spanish-language content worldwide.
Mediaset Spain (Mediaset España), formally known as Grupo Audiovisual Mediaset España Comunicación, opened in Madrid on March 10, 1989, and began broadcasting in 1990 as Tele 5. Mediaset España operates seven free-to-air television channels and has expanded beyond broadcasting into advertising sales through Publiespaña, film production via Telecinco Cinema, and public relations consulting. In 2023, the broadcaster joined a group of Spanish media in broadcasting “China-Spain Cultural Journey” (中西文化之旅), a series of programs marking the 50th anniversary of China-Spain diplomatic relations, organized between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and the China Media Group (CMG), the mega-conglomerate under China’s Central Propaganda Department.
Andalucia Radio and Television or RTVA (Radio y Televisión de Andalucia) is the public radio and television broadcaster serving Spain’s autonomous community of Andalusia, founded in 1988. RTVA operates television channels: Canal Sur, Canal Sur 2 focusing on cultural and children’s content,alongside radio stations including the 24 hours Canal Sur Radio, Radio Andalucía Información providing 24-hour news, and Canal Fiesta Radio that focuses Andalusian music, broadcasting news, entertainment, cultural programming, and sports.
Britel Media Group is a private media and television distribution company based in Madrid, Spain, established in 2006. The company operates in Spain and Latin America, working with more than 100 operators to provide television services. The company focuses on distributing television content, providing devices for receiving TV channels, internet-based television and streaming platforms, broadcasting transmitters, and interactive television applications.In 2023, the company joined a group of Spanish media in broadcasting “China-Spain Cultural Journey” (中西文化之旅), a series of programs marking the 50th anniversary of China-Spain diplomatic relations, organized between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and the China Media Group (CMG), the mega-conglomerate under China’s Central Propaganda Department.
Radio Televisión Madrid (RTVM) is the public broadcasting organization of the Community of Madrid, Spain, operating television and radio services for the region. The Ente Público Radio Televisión Madrid was originally established in 1984 by Law 13/1984. The organization operates three channels: the TV station Telemadrid, the television channel La Otra, and the radio station Onda Madrid, providing news, cultural programming, and regional content to audiences in Madrid.
Telemadrid is a public television station that operates as the flagship channel of the regional public broadcaster Radio Televisión Madrid (RTVM). The channel began broadcasting on 2 May 1989. It offers general programming, including news, entertainment, cultural content, and regional coverage tailored to audiences in the Madrid area. In 2023, the broadcaster joined a group of Spanish media in broadcasting “China-Spain Cultural Journey” (中西文化之旅), a series of programs marking the 50th anniversary of China-Spain diplomatic relations, organized between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and the China Media Group (CMG), the mega-conglomerate under China’s Central Propaganda Department.
Grupo Octubre is an Argentine multimedia conglomerate created and directed by Víctor Santa María, Secretary General of the building workers union Sindicato Único de Trabajadores de Edificios de Renta y Horizontal (SUTERH) and former president of the Peronist Partido Justicialista in Buenos Aires. Administered by the Fundación Octubre de Trabajadores de Edificios, established in 1991, the group claims a unique ownership structure as the only media conglomerate in the world owned by a labor union rather than individual proprietors. Describing itself as “a creative and plural space that develops, brings together and promotes different cultural, educational, solidarity and communication undertakings,” the organization began with cultural and educational initiatives before expanding into media. Holdings include Página 12 newspaper (acquired 2016), Caras y Caretas magazine (relaunched 2005), El Planeta Urbano magazine, AM 750 radio, FM Malena 89.1, FM Aspen 102.3, OctubreTV streaming platform, and Latinoamérica Prensa portal. Educational institutions include the Instituto Superior de Octubre (2002) and Universidad Metropolitana para la Educación y el Trabajo (2013). The group also operates Editorial Octubre publishing house, Caras y Caretas Sala cultural venue, and manages Sportivo Barracas football club.
Página 12 is an Argentine newspaper published in Buenos Aires, founded on May 25, 1987, by journalists Jorge Lanata and Ernesto Tiffenberg. The newspaper established itself as a progressive, left-leaning alternative publication known for investigative journalism and critical analysis of political and social issues. Since 2016, Página 12 has been owned by Grupo Octubre, a multimedia company created by Víctor Santa María, Secretary General of the building workers union SUTERH and former president of the Partido Justicialista in Buenos Aires. The newspaper is described as Argentina’s fourth most visited news portal and maintains a readership primarily composed of individuals aged 18-52 from medium and upper-middle socioeconomic groups. Página 12 has distinguished itself through revelations of various scandals while maintaining a critical stance against corruption, resulting in multiple journalism awards. In 2018, the Polish League Against Defamation sued Página 12 using Poland’s controversial Holocaust law over an article about the Jedwabne massacre. Javier Lewkowicz, a journalist and economist from the University of Buenos Aires who has worked at Página 12 since 2009, serves as economics editor and participated in the February 2026 Belt and Road Media Cooperation Forum journalist delegation.
