Founded after Angola gained independence in November 1975, Jornal de Angola is the country’s only daily printed newspaper. State-operated through its publishing company Edições Novembro — formerly known as Empresa Gráfica de Angola — the outlet was nationalized in 1976 under Law No. 51/76. As reported by the BBC, the publication rarely publishes editorial content critical of the government. In 1992, early in his career, anti-corruption activist Rafael Marques de Morais worked as a journalist for the newspaper until he was dismissed following his critique of President José Eduardo dos Santos.
Founded on April 7, 1908, the Brazilian Press Association (Associação Brasileira de Imprensa – ABI) is a non-governmental media organization established by journalist Gustavo de Lacerda on the principle, as noted on the group’s website, that journalism should not be driven solely by commercial interests and profit. Throughout its history, according to a federal government profile, ABI has defended journalists during periods of authoritarian rule in Brazil, including mediating the release of imprisoned journalists accused of subversion under both the Estado Novo regime and the 1964 military dictatorship. In 2021, ABI filed lawsuits aimed at curbing Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPPs) targeting two domestic journalists. In recent years, ABI has partnered with China to facilitate exchanges across tourism, commerce, and culture, which included signing a strategic cooperation agreement with the Western China International Communication Organization in 2024 to establish the Bridging News Brazil Liaison Office.
Argentina’s Huaren Toutiao (阿根廷華人頭條) is the Argentine edition of the Huaren Toutiao (華人頭條) network, a Chinese-language media platform for overseas Chinese communities launched in Argentina in May 2015 by Fujian Kebi Information Technology Co. Ltd. (福建可比信息科技有限公司), a Fuzhou-based technology company founded by Huang Qiwang (黃琪旺), who identifies himself as deputy chairman of the Argentina Entrepreneurs Association and deputy chairman of the World Fujian Youth Federation (世界福建青年聯會). The network states it has signed operating agreements with Chinese-language media in more than 50 countries and regions, including Argentina, Canada, France, Spain, Italy, and Thailand, and has established partnerships with PRC state outlets including China News Service (中國新聞社) and China News Network (中國新聞網), which it says supply it with international news content. In April 2023, the Argentine edition signed a strategic cooperation agreement with the Henan International Communication Center, one of 16 such agreements the Henan center signed with overseas Chinese-language outlets that month.
Slovo Kyrgyzstana (Слово Кыргызстана) is a Russian-language daily newspaper published in the capital of Kyrgyzstan, Bishkek, that publishes government decrees, presidential edicts, and parliamentary resolutions alongside coverage of politics, economics, culture, and social affairs. Its reporting spans national and international affairs, including environmental issues, healthcare, and religion. The paper was founded in 1925, serving as the official organ of the Kirghiz Communist Party’s Central Committee. It adopted its current name, Slovo Kyrgyzstana, in 1991 following Kyrgyzstan’s independence from the Soviet Union and has since been published independently of the party. However, the publication has been closely associated with state agendas. During the 2000 election period, as issues of election integrity emerged, the paper responded to criticism from the US State Department by publishing articles that decried outside “interference” in the republic’s internal affairs.
Dolon TV is a privately owned Kyrgyz television channel based in Bishkek that, according to independent research, functions as a distribution point for Chinese state media content in Kyrgyzstan. An OSCE Academy in Bishkek report states that Dolon TV opened in 2005 and received PRC government subsidies from 2015 to 2018 under a Chinese “National Cultural Export Key Project” designation. A separate tracking project, China Index, reports that Dolon TV holds exclusive rebroadcast rights to at least 10 PRC channels from CCTV and produces an original program on Chinese cultural and economic projects in Kyrgyzstan. Unlike Xinhua, Wen Wei Po, and Silk Road Observer, Dolon TV is not registered as foreign media in Kyrgyzstan and operates as a nominally independent local broadcaster.
Micromedia Communication Italy (意大利微視傳媒) is a Milan-based media and marketing company founded in late 2016 by Jiang Jiakun (江家昆), who serves as its chief executive. Located in the city’s Chinatown district, the company describes itself as a comprehensive international media firm handling brand promotion, overseas film and video production, exhibition events, and online and offline media placement, serving Italian clients seeking access to the Chinese market as well as Chinese businesses seeking exposure in Italy and across Europe. Its English-language website claims partnerships with more than 50 traditional media outlets, 300 online platforms, and 100 magazines across Italy and Europe; a separate Chinese-language description of the company puts the figure at more than 400 European outlets. Jiang has also served as a director of the Italian Chinese Entrepreneurs Association (意大利華人企業協會), an overseas Chinese business group whose leadership described itself in 2022 as operating under the guidance of China’s Consulate General in Milan. The company also operates a Bilibili account under the Micromedia name, which had posted 178 videos as of August 2026, with content spanning practical guidance for Chinese residents in Italy on healthcare, housing, education, childbirth, and telecommunications, business and investment advice for Chinese entrepreneurs, and, during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, coverage promoting a medical team from Zhejiang province dispatched to assist Italy and an online concert framed around Chinese communities “resuming work and production,” extending the company’s messaging directly to a mainland Chinese audience through a domestic PRC platform rather than only to Italy’s Chinese diaspora. In July 2026, the company signed a cooperation agreement with the Henan International Communication Center, a provincial international communication center under the Henan Daily Press Group, on projects including tourism and cultural content promotion.
HOY TV (開電視), operated by i-CABLE HOY Limited under parent company i-Cable Communications Limited, is a free-to-air Cantonese-language television channel in Hong Kong. The channel began broadcasting on May 14, 2017, under the name Fantastic TV Chinese Channel, later renamed Hong Kong Open TV and then HOY TV in 2022. New World Development chairman Henry Cheng Kar-shun took control of i-Cable Communications in 2021, paying HK$316.4 million to acquire a majority stake in the company’s controlling shareholder, Forever Top (Asia) Limited. In 2023, i-Cable surrendered its pay-television license and shifted its business to free-to-air broadcasting, around the same period Hong Kong’s Communications Authority introduced new licensing rules requiring HOY TV and other free-to-air broadcasters to air at least 30 minutes of national education and national security law content weekly. HOY TV has also participated in the Hong Kong Police Force’s national security messaging efforts as one of three broadcasters that rebroadcast the force’s “Offbeat 360” video series.
Television Broadcasts Limited (電視廣播有限公司), known as TVB, was first established on November 19, 1967, as Hong Kong’s first wireless commercial television station, and today produces terrestrial broadcasting, drama, and digital media content distributed across mainland China and more than 40 other countries. The company is listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong, trading under stock code 00511. TVB’s largest shareholder, Young Lion Holdings Limited, holds a 25 percent stake in the company through its subsidiary Shaw Brothers Limited, a stake jointly held under an agreement between Kenneth Hsu Kin and Li Ruigang (黎瑞剛), founder of mainland Chinese investment firm China Media Capital, according to TVB’s 2024 Annual Report. In May 2025, TVB’s Executive Chairman Thomas Hui To agreed to acquire Hsu’s shares in Young Lion Holdings, and Hsu resigned as a non-executive director, according to the South China Morning Post. Li remains a non-executive director on TVB’s board. TVB’s mainland China operations, which co-produce dramas and distribute programming to mainland broadcasters and streaming platforms, accounted for 26 percent of the company’s total revenue in 2024, according to the annual report for that year.
Sing Tao News Corporation Limited (星島新聞集團有限公司), also known as the Sing Tao Group (星島新聞集團), is a Hong Kong media company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange whose flagship title, Sing Tao Daily, was first published in 1938. The present holding company traces to 1996, when it was incorporated as Perfect Treasure Holdings before being acquired and renamed by businessman Charles Ho Tsu-kwok, who chaired the group from 2001 to 2021 and was, according to the South China Morning Post, a standing committee member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, a national political advisory body under the Chinese Communist Party. In 2021, Ho sold a controlling stake to Kwok Hiu-ting, an executive of Mainland Chinese property developer Kaisa Group, and her father Kwok Ying-shing, Kaisa’s chairman, became Sing Tao’s chairman. The group’s titles include Sing Tao Daily, the English-language Standard, and free daily Headline Daily, and it has supported National Security Department-run youth competitions including NStudio and NStory.
