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Entity Type: Domestic Non-Chinese Language Media

BSC Happy TV

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Happy TV is a privately-owned Serbian television broadcaster established in 2010 through the merger of two television channels, operating on a national frequency. Happy TV’s programming focuses on entertainment, including reality shows, international content such as Indian soap operas and Latin telenovelas, and talk shows. Its news programming has been characterized by some sources as “mostly pro-government and nationalistic,” with frequent appearances by members of the populist Serbian Progressive Party. 

Il Sole 24 Ore

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Il Sole 24 Ore is Italy’s leading financial newspaper, created on November 9, 1965, through the merger of Il Sole, founded in 1865, and 24 Ore, launched in 1946. The newspaper is owned by Confindustria, Italy’s employers’ federation, and is headquartered in Milan. Il Sole 24 Ore covers business, politics, commercial law, and financial markets, and operates as part of the broader 24 ORE Group. In 2019, Italy’s securities regulator Consob fined the newspaper’s management 1.05 million euros for inflating digital circulation figures.

Metro

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Metro is a British freesheet tabloid newspaper distributed weekday mornings across England, Wales, and Scotland. A sister publication to the conservative Daily Mail, Metro was launched in 1999 initially as a London-only newspaper with 85,000 copies distributed via dedicated bins in London Underground stations. The publication expanded nationally and in February 2018 climbed ahead of The Sun in total print circulation to become the UK’s most circulated newspaper. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Metro suffered financial losses from reduced advertising during travel disruptions and cost increases. Following a 2023 restructuring that combined its print and online operations, the publication became profitable in both print and online formats in 2024.

Box Brazil

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Box Brazil Media Group is Brazil’s largest independent pay-TV programmer, operating in entertainment and technology with offices in Porto Alegre, São Paulo, and Rio de Janeiro. The group comprises Box Brazil Channels, which operates seven pay-TV channels and ten streaming channels reaching 42 million people daily, along with subsidiaries Container Media, Media Mundus, and the Box Brazil Play streaming platform. Since 2021, the company has maintained a content-sharing partnership with China Media Group, broadcasting Chinese dramas, documentaries, and films to Brazilian audiences while distributing Brazilian content in China. Head of the company Claudia Dreyer participated in China Media Group’s December 2025 Silk Road Television Community Summit in Yangjiang, where she discussed the partnership’s expansion. The relationship exemplifies how Chinese state media entities establish content distribution agreements with commercial broadcasters in emerging markets, positioning Chinese programming within mainstream Latin American media ecosystems.

Cyprus Mail

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The Cyprus Mail, founded in 1945, is a daily English-language newspaper covering Cypriot politics, business and economics, and local news from its headquarters in Nicosia. The publication has a particular focus on the island’s division between Greek and Turkish Cypriot communities since 1974 and ongoing reunification efforts. The newspaper describes itself as independent and unaffiliated with political parties; however, it has taken editorial positions on the Cyprus dispute that some have regarded as controversial, notably supporting the 2004 Annan Plan for reunification, a United Nations proposal that was overwhelmingly rejected by Greek Cypriots in a referendum. In 2019, the newspaper was acquired by Andreas Neocleous, a lawyer and public figure who was previously convicted of bribing a deputy attorney general.

El Moudjahid

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El Moudjahid, established during the 1954-1962 Algerian War as an FLN resistance information bulletin, is a French-language daily newspaper in Algeria. The paper, whose name translates to “The Martyr,” featured contributions from writer and psychiatrist Frantz Fanon and activist Eveline Safir Lavalette during the independence struggle. After Algeria gained independence in 1962, it became the country’s primary newspaper and served as the FLN (National Liberation Front) army’s propaganda outlet during the single-party period. The paper, headquartered on the Algiers seafront near the Parliament and Central Bank, publishes daily except Fridays.

Politika

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Politika is Serbia’s oldest and most influential daily newspaper, first published on January 25, 1904, in Belgrade by founder and editor Vladislav Ribnikar. The inaugural issue was printed in 2,450 copies across four pages, priced at five para. Throughout its history, Politika has twice ceased publication during wartime: from 1914-1919 during World War I and from April 1941 to October 1944 during World War II. The newspaper also suspended operations in summer 1992 due to a journalists’ strike protesting government attempts to convert it into a state enterprise. Today, Politika maintains its position as one of Serbia’s most respected newspapers, adhering to high professional journalistic standards while fostering dialogue and freedom of expression. The publication has collaborated with notable literary figures, including Nobel laureate Ivo Andrić and Winston Churchill.

The National

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Founded in 1993 and headquartered in Port Moresby, The National claims to be Papua New Guinea’s top-selling weekday English language newspaper. Owned by Malaysian multinational Rimbunan Hijau, a major logging corporation controlled by businessman Tiong Hiew King, the publication operates five offices in the cities of Lae, Mount Hagen, Kokopo, Madang, and Goroka. As one of Papua New Guinea’s two major daily newspapers, alongside the Post-Courier, The National operates with both print and online editions.

Bonnier News

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Bonnier News, established in 2016, is a major Swedish news media company and a subsidiary of the Bonnier Group, a conglomerate spanning media, real estate and investment services that has been wholly owned by the Bonnier family since its founding in 1804 in Copenhagen. Headquartered in Stockholm, the company publishes flagship Swedish dailies Dagens Nyheter, Expressen, and Dagens industri, alongside over 200 other brands spanning local newspapers, magazines, and digital services across northern countries, including Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Finland. In spring 2022, Bonnier News was merged into Bonnier Publications.