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Iran
Founded in 1979 as the Islamic Republic of Iran's first English daily newspaper, the Tehran Times describes itself as the "voice of the Islamic Revolution." According to a statement by Ayatollah Beheshti prominently displayed on the newspaper's office wall, "The Tehran Times is not the newspaper of the government; rather, it is a loud voice of the Islamic Revolution and the oppressed people of the world." The English-language daily publishes six days a week (except Fridays) and covers domestic cultural, political, economic, social, and sports news, as well as commentaries and foreign news. In 2002, the Tehran Times established…
Poland
The Polish Media Association (波兰媒体协会), known as SPM, is a non-governmental journalistic organization established as a voluntary association of individuals working in mass media, headquartered in Warsaw. According to its statute, the organization claims to represent editors and publishers of Polish regional and local media, with the stated purpose of promoting Poland internationally, strengthening its position on the international stage, and maintaining national identity abroad. The association positions itself as independent of state administration, local governments, and political organizations. Under the leadership of Marek Traczyk, a form…
Malaysia
The Consulate-General of the People's Republic of China in Kuching serves as China's diplomatic mission in Sarawak's capital city. Located at Lot 276, Block 10, Jalan Ong Tiang Swee, the consulate processes visa applications and document legalizations for Sarawak residents. The current Consul General Xing Weiping (邢衛平) arrived in June 2022, becoming the tenth consul general…
Portugal
Alpac Capital is a Portuguese investment group established in 2013 and headquartered in Lisbon, claiming to manage three investment funds focused on technology, telecommunications, and media sectors. The company positions itself as making equity investments to achieve active involvement in the business development of its portfolio companies and is regulated by the Portuguese Securities Market Commission (CMVM). According to available information, key personnel have included Pedro Vargas David and Luis Santos, with the company maintaining regional offices in Budapest and Dubai in addition to its Lisbon headquarters. Alpac Capital holds a 97.6% ownership stake in Euronews, the Euro…
Italy
Class Editori is an Italian media conglomerate founded in 1986 by Paolo Panerai. The company has been listed on the Italian Stock Exchange since November 30, 1998. Class Editori specializes in financial and lifestyle media, publishing prominent periodicals including MF Milano Finanza, Italia Oggi, Capital, and Global Finance. The company operates television channels Class CNBC (in partnership with NBC Universal), Class TV Moda, and Gambero Rosso HD, along with Radio Classica and the MF Dow Jones News agency. Class Editori…
Senegal
Groupe Futurs Médias (GFM) was established in 2003 by renowned musician Youssou NDOUR with the mission to "bring something more to the media space in Senegal." Under the current leadership of Director General Birane NDOUR, GFM has evolved into what it claims is "the first media group in the country and even West Africa" and "the largest employer in the private media sector." The group's expansion began with Radio Futurs Médias (RFM) in 2002, followed by the newspaper L'Observateur (2003), Télévision Futurs Médias (TFM) in 2010, and its digital platform igfm.sn in 2013. GFM continued diversifying with specialized channels, including TFM Religi…
United States
Founded in 1970, NPR, also known as National Public Radio, is an independent nonprofit media organization that distributes its programming through a network of member stations throughout the United States. The network produces a variety of content, including news, cultural shows, and podcasts, employing journalists at both their central office and local affiliates. NPR's funding comes from multiple sources, with individual listener donations being the largest single source, followed by corporate sponsorship, foundation grants, and university support. It operates unde…
China
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (中華人民共和國教育部) is the State Council agency responsible for regulating all aspects of the educational system in mainland China, including compulsory basic education, vocational education, and tertiary education. Established on October 1, 1949, as the Ministry of Education of the Central People's Government, the ministry initially operated under the oversight of the Culture and Education Commission. From 1985 …
France
The International Association for Media and Communication Research (IAMCR), established by UNESCO on December 18, 1957, emerged during the Cold War as a forum connecting East-West scholarly communities, with founding members including academics from Poland, Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union alongside Western counterparts. Today, IAMCR maintains Special Advisory Status with UNESCO and the UN Economic and Social Council, operating through specialized sections covering journalism research, political communication, and gender studies. The organization's biennial conferences consistently attract thousands of scholars and researchers. IAMCR has joi…
Luxembourg
Radio Télévision Luxembourg (RTL Group) is a Luxembourg-based European entertainment company operating television channels, streaming services, and radio stations across Germany, France, Hungary, and other European countries. The company was formed in 2000 from the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Radiodiffusion, which was founded in 1931. The company's major business units include RTL Deutschland, Groupe M6 in France, and Fremantle, which produces programming across multiple countries. …
Malaysia
Radio Television Malaysia (RTM), Malaysia's state broadcaster, was established on 1 April 1946 as Radio Malaya. Unlike independent public broadcasters like the BBC, RTM is a government department under the Ministry of Communications with no statutory independence. The broadcaster operates 7 television channels and 34 radio stations nationwide, including the over-the-top streaming service RTM Klik. RTM is now financed through an allocation from the state budget and generates revenue through the sale of advertising and spo…
Barbados
The Barbados Government Information Service (BGIS) serves as the official communications arm of the Barbados Government, responsible for disseminating public information to news media and the general public. The department was established in 1958 in response to the need to inform and educate citizens about government activities. Over the decades, BGIS has evolved from a basic information management function into a comprehensive news and public relations agency that influences public opinion on governmental and national matters. Headquartered at Old Town Hall, Cheapside, the service is led by a Chief Information Officer who oversees the d…
Japan
The Japan-China Association is a Japanese bilateral friendship organization headquartered in Tokyo, founded in September 1975 through the efforts of business leader Okazaki Kaheita (岡崎嘉平太), former Tokyo University president Kaya Seiji (茅誠司), and former diplomat Kadowaki Suemitsu (門脇季光). The organization emerged during a period when Japan was seeking to normalize relations with China, distinct from the earlier Japan-China Friendship Association which split in 1966 into pro-JCP and non-JCP factions. The Association was incorporated as a legal entity in March 1981 under the supervision of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Former politician Takeshi …
Norway
TV 2 Direkte is a Norwegian broadcast television station based in Bergen that began operations in September 1992, becoming the first commercial free-to-air TV channel in Norway. The same year it became a full active member of the European Broadcasting Union, the alliance of public service media organisations broadcasting within the EU. Since 2012, TV 2 has been under the ownership of Egmont Group, a Danish media company.…
Maldives
Public Service Media (PSM) is the state-owned broadcaster of Maldives established on April 28, 2015, under the Public Service Media Act (Law 9/2015). Operating as the official state media, PSM manages multiple brands, including Television Maldives (TVM), PSM News, YES TV, Dhivehi Raajjeyge Adu, Dhivehi FM, Dheenuge Adu, Munnaaru TV, and PSM Connect. The organization emerged amid significant controversy when the International Federation of Journalists condemned its formation as creating a "state mouthpiece" that w…
Saudi Arabia
Riyadh Daily, published by Al-Yamamah Press Establishment, is the first English-language daily newspaper from Saudi Arabia's capital. It began as a newsletter in the 1960s before developing into a broadsheet in 1985 and was in circulation until January 1, 2004, when it ceased print publication. The newspaper was later revived as a digital-only publication, relaunching online on January 1, 2017, coinciding with King Salman's second anniversary as monarch. As a sister publication to the influential Arabic Al-Riy…
Russia
Founded in 2008 by oligarch Yury Kovalchuk, whom one Russian analyst referred to as "Putin’s long-time friend," National Media Group (Национальная Медиа Группа), or NMG, is Russia's largest private media conglomerate. The company controls Channel One, Channel 5, REN TV, CTC Media networks, and the national newspaper Izvestia. NMG operates through a joint venture structure involving state-controlled entities, including Rossiya Bank (the personal b…
Hong Kong, Malaysia
Media Chinese International Limited, formed in April 2008 and dual-listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange and Bursa Malaysia, is a Chinese-language media group created by the successful merger of Ming Pao Enterprise Corporation Limited, Sin Chew Media Corporation Berhad, and Nanyang Press Holdings Berhad. The company traces its roots to Sin Poh Amalgamated, founded by Aw Boon Haw (胡文虎) in 1941. Its flagship publication in Hong Kong, Ming Pao (明報), established on 20 May 1959, was
Uganda
The government of Uganda operates as a presidential republic under the Constitution adopted on October 8, 1995, establishing a system where the president serves as both head of state and head of government. The current president, Yoweri Museveni, has served since 1986 and was most recently reelected to a sixth term in January 2021 following constitutional amendments that removed presidential term limits in 2005 and the age limit of 75 years in 2017. The president
Greece
Greece operates as a parliamentary republic with executive power shared between the president and the government. The Government of the Hellenic Republic directs national policy through a 20-member cabinet officially called the Ministerial Council. The president appoints the prime minister, who must maintain the confidence of parliament. Headquartered at Maximos Mansion in Athens, the government functions through multiple specialized bodies, including the Committee on Institutions and the Government Council for Foreign Affairs and Defence. This system balances centralized authority with democratic acc…
