Entity Type: Domestic Party or Government Institution

Government of the Republic of the Philippines

Written by CMP Staff on March 23, 2025.

The Government of the Philippines operates as a presidential republic where power is constitutionally divided among three branches. Article II, Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution states that “sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them.” The executive branch consists of the president, who serves as head of state, commander-in-chief, and leader of the national government, alongside a vice president and Cabinet, all serving six-year terms. The legislative branch comprises a bicameral Congress – a 24-member Senate elected at large and a House of Representatives with approximately 250 district representatives plus party-list members constituting 20 percent of total seats. The judicial branch, headed by the Supreme Court, holds the power of judicial review and can declare laws unconstitutional. The system maintains checks and balances, with each branch able to limit others’ powers through mechanisms like presidential vetoes and congressional confirmation of appointments.

Laos Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism

Written by CMP Staff on March 23, 2025.

The Lao Ministry of Information, Culture and Tourism is a government body responsible for overseeing and promoting the cultural, informational, and tourism sectors in Laos. Its key functions include managing media and communication, preserving cultural heritage, developing tourism policies, and fostering national identity while encouraging economic growth through tourism initiatives.

Malaysian Ministry of Communications

Written by CMP Staff on March 23, 2025.

The Malaysian Ministry of Communications is a government ministry responsible for communications, media, and digital development, headquartered in the KKD Tower in Putrajaya. The ministry oversees key areas including digitalization, broadcasting, telecommunications, personal data protection, and content development. Its organizational structure includes a minister, deputy minister, and secretary-general, with three deputy secretary-general positions overseeing policy, operations, and management. The ministry supervises four federal departments including Radio Televisyen Malaysia (RTM) and the Department of Information Malaysia, along with eight federal agencies and government-linked companies such as Bernama (Malaysian National News Agency), the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (MCMC), and CyberSecurity Malaysia. These entities collectively manage Malaysia’s communications infrastructure, digital economy initiatives, and media industry development.

Government of Serbia

Written by CMP Staff on March 23, 2025.

The Government of Serbia, headquartered at 11 Nemanjina Street in Belgrade, is the country’s executive branch, established in its current form on May 2, 2024, though tracing its origins to the Serbian Governing Council of 1805. The institution evolved through several iterations, including the People’s Government of Serbia in 1945, before taking its present form. The government comprises 32 ministries and operates under the leadership of a prime minister, who is nominated by the president and appointed by the National Assembly. According to Serbia’s constitution, the government determines policy, executes laws, adopts regulations, proposes legislation, and directs public administration. The organization maintains oversight responsibility to the National Assembly and is housed in the Government Building in Belgrade.