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Entity Type: Domestic Party or Government Institution

Government of Nicaragua

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The Government of Nicaragua (尼加拉瓜政府) is the national government of the Republic of Nicaragua, a Central American state of approximately seven million people. Since 2007, Nicaragua has been governed by President Daniel Ortega and his wife, Vice President Rosario Murillo, representing the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN), which originated as a guerrilla group in 1961. The two have ruled as co-presidents since 2025. Under their joint administration, Nicaragua has experienced significant democratic backsliding, with independent media systematically dismantled and more than 50 outlets closed, leaving the country among the lowest in the region on press freedom indices. Nicaragua restored diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China in December 2021, severing ties with the Republic of China (Taiwan), and has since deepened cooperation across trade, infrastructure, and media.

National Directorate of Radio and Television

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The National Directorate of Radio and Television (洪都拉斯國家廣播電視局), or TNH, is the Honduran state broadcasting directorate operating under the Secretariat of Cultures, Arts and Heritage of the Peoples of Honduras (SECAPPH). Known in Spanish as the “Dirección Nacional de Radio y Televisión,” it directly operates Canal Ocho (第八頻道), Honduras’s state-owned television channel, and Radio Nacional de Honduras (洪都拉斯國家廣播電台). The directorate describes itself as the “official channel of the Government of the Republic of Honduras,” with its mandate explicitly tied to the sitting administration — designating the 2026–2030 period of President Nasry Asfura as of March 2026. TNH produces and broadcasts government programming across television, radio, and digital platforms including YouTube, Facebook, and TikTok.

Secretariat of Cultures, Arts and Heritage of the Peoples of Honduras

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The Secretariat of Cultures, Arts and Heritage of the Peoples of Honduras (洪都拉斯文化藝術與人民遺產秘書處), known by its Spanish acronym SECAPPH, is the Honduran government body responsible for national cultural policy and oversight of state broadcasting. Established in 1975 as the Secretary of State for Culture, Tourism and Information, the ministry underwent several restructurings across successive governments before being reorganized under its current name by President Xiomara Castro in April 2022. SECAPPH exercises administrative authority over the Dirección Nacional de Radio y Televisión, or TNH, the entity that directly runs Canal Ocho (第八頻道), the state-owned national broadcaster in Honduras.

Government of El Salvador

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The Government of El Salvador (薩爾瓦多政府) is a representative democratic republic established in its modern form following the independence from Spain in 1821 and the subsequent dissolution of the United Provinces of Central America in 1841. The current constitutional framework, adopted in 1983 during the Salvadoran Civil War, provides for a presidential system with three independent branches. The country is currently led by President Nayib Bukele, who assumed office in 2019 and secured a controversial second term in 2024, after which the administration pushed to remove presidential term limits. Under this administration, the executive branch has significantly centralized power, often bypassing traditional legislative and judicial oversight through the use of an ongoing state of exception. In the realm of foreign policy, the government has transitioned from its 2018 diplomatic recognition of the People’s Republic of China into a deep strategic partnership characterized by ostensibly non-reimbursable cooperation for major infrastructure. To manage its public image and counter critical independent media, the state utilizes a sophisticated communications apparatus, including state-owned corporate shells to fund and operate outlets like Diario El Salvador. This media strategy is reinforced by 100 percent alignment with the PRC’s “shared future” narrative, frequently broadcasting official Chinese diplomatic content through government-controlled channels to frame bilateral ties as a model of successful South-South cooperation.

Nuevas Ideas

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Nuevas Ideas (新理念黨) is the dominant ruling political party of El Salvador, founded on October 25, 2017, by President Nayib Bukele. The party was officially registered on August 21, 2018, as a big tent movement established to dismantle the long-standing legislative duopoly of the right-wing ARENA and the left-wing FMLN. Under the leadership of party president Xavier Zablah Bukele, the organization has emerged as a force that has “changed the map of political pluralism in El Salvador.” , securing supermajorities in the Legislative Assembly during both the 2021 and 2024 elections. Its platform, centered on the persona of President Bukele, focuses on security and infrastructure while rejecting traditional ideological labels.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cuba

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The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Cuba (古巴外交部), or MINREX, was established on December 23, 1959, following the Cuban Revolution, replacing the former Ministry of State. Operating under the Council of State authority, MINREX formulates and executes Cuba’s foreign policy based on “socialist principles” and “revolutionary diplomacy,” managing diplomatic relations with other nations and representing Cuba in international organizations including the United Nations and Non-Aligned Movement. The ministry oversees multiple divisions covering regional affairs, multilateral relations, and consular services, while supervising attached units including the Raúl Roa García Higher Institute of International Relations and research centers that conduct international political analysis aligned with Cuban foreign policy objectives.

Saudi Broadcasting Authority

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The Saudi Broadcasting Authority (SBA), formerly the Saudi Broadcasting Corporation, is Saudi Arabia’s state-owned media entity operating under the Ministry of Media. While Crown Prince Faisal issued a ministerial statement in 1962 to establish television broadcasting, actual operations began in 1965 from Riyadh and Jeddah stations. The entity was restructured in 2012 when the Council of Ministers approved the conversion of radio and television activities into a public authority. The authority changed its English name from Saudi Broadcasting Corporation to Saudi Broadcasting Authority in 2018. SBA manages nearly all broadcasting outlets in the Kingdom, operating television channels including Al Saudiya (the flagship Arabic channel), Al Ekhbariya (news), KSA SPORT, SBC (entertainment), and religious channels Quran TV and Sunnah TV. Radio services include the Saudi General Program, Holy Quran Radio, and international broadcasting.

Government of Peru

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The Government of Peru (Gobierno de la República del Perú) is a unitary presidential republic whose current institutional framework was established by the Constitution of 1993. The president serves as head of state, head of government, and commander-in-chief, elected to a five-year term with consecutive re-election prohibited, and appoints a prime minister and Council of Ministers. The unicameral Congress holds 130 members elected for five-year terms, with powers including ratifying treaties and approving the national budget. The judicial branch is headed by a 16-member Supreme Court, with superior and provincial courts below it. Voting is compulsory for citizens between ages 18 and 70.

Department of Culture and Tourism of Guangdong Province

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The Department of Culture and Tourism of Guangdong Province is the government agency responsible for overseeing cultural affairs and tourism development across southern Guangdong Province. It operates under the Guangdong Provincial People’s Government and serves as the primary authority for shaping cultural policy, preserving heritage, and promoting tourism, both domestically and internationally. It has been actively engaged on international communication, partnering with the province’s international communication center (ICC).