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El Salvador
On January 15, 2026, the Chinese Ambassador to El Salvador, Zhang Yanhui (张艳辉), published a signed article in Diario El Salvador titled "China es un firme practicante del desarrollo verde global" (China is a firm practitioner of global green development). In the piece, Zhang promoted China’s commitment to "South-South cooperation" and the "community of shared future" between China and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The article outlined five specific programs—Solidarity, Development, Peoples, Civilizations, and Peace—intended to serve as a roadmap for deepening ties with El Salvador. This placement illustrates the "borrowed boat" strategy, using a high-circulation…
Portugal
On April 26, 2021, the Chinese Ambassador to Portugal published a signed article in the Portuguese newspaper Diário de Notícias titled "Jointly Safeguard the Healthy Development of China-EU Relations" (共同維護中歐關係健康發展). In the article, the ambassador expressed "regret" over the EU sanctions targeting Chinese officials over human rights abuses in Xinjiang, saying that China only imposed…
Portugal
Headquartered in Lisbon, Lusa News Agency was established on December 12, 1986, and began broadcasting on January 1, 1987. The agency provides news services to numerous newspapers, radio, and television channels across Portugal and Portuguese-speaking communities worldwide, and operates under a contract with the Portuguese government to provide public interest news. Lusa was formed through the merger of the Portuguese News Agency (ANOP) and the Portuguese Press Agency (NP), and is an…
Bangladesh
Bangladesh Television or BTV ( বাংলাদেশ টেলিভিশন (বিটিভি)) was established on December 25, 1964, originally as Pakistan Television in East Pakistan before being renamed after Bangladesh's independence in 1971. The state-owned network operates two main stations - BTV Dhaka and BTV Chittagong, with the Chittagong station established in 1996 - along with fourteen relay stations nationwide and BTV News. The network relies on revenue from license fees imposed on all households, though this has proven insufficient to cover operational …
Bangladesh
The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, established on December 16, 1971, is Bangladesh's government agency responsible for formulating and administering rules and regulations related to information, broadcasting, press, and films. Based at the Bangladesh Secretariat in Dhaka, the ministry oversees 14 agencies including Bangladesh Television, Bangladesh Betar (radio), and the Film Certification Board. The ministry serves as the apex body for releasing government information and media content to public and international audiences. It operates through three main sectors: information, broadcasting, and films.…
China
The Fujian International Communication Center (福建國際傳播中心), or FICC, was established on June 21, 2023, at a ceremony in Fuzhou attended by Zhang Yan (張彦), a standing member of the Fujian CCP Committee and head of its propaganda office. The center was organized under the propaganda office of the Fujian CCP Committee and is built and operated by Fujian Media Group (福建省廣播影視集團). The operating entity is Fujian New Era International Communication Center Co., Ltd. (福建新時代國際傳播中心有限公司), whose general manager as of June 2026 is Lai Han (賴晗), a former Fujian Television reporter who, acco…
China
Sichuan Daily Newspaper Group was officially established on September 12, 2000, as Western China's first party newspaper group, built upon the foundation of Sichuan Daily newspaper, which had been founded on September 1, 1952. The Group operates as a public institution under the management delegation of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department, implementing corporate-style management as a modern media conglomerate. According to the Group's current structure, it now encompasses 13 newspapers, 12 magazines, 9 mobile applications, 20 websites, 2 mobile newspap…
Thailand
Khaosod , is a daily newspaper founded on April 9, 1991, as part of Matichon Publishing Group, which also operates Matichon and Prachachat. The newspaper currently holds the rank of third best-selling newspaper in Thailand. Khaosod gained prominence in 1994 for its extensive coverage of the cover-up murders of a Thai gem dealer's wife and son, initially reported by many newspapers as a roadside accident but which Khaosod insisted involved senior Royal Thai Police officers ordering the abduction and murder. The newspaper was awarded Best News Feature from Isra Amanantakul Foundation that year for …
China
Fujian Media Group (福建省廣播影視集團) is a provincial-level state broadcasting and media conglomerate established on February 8, 2004, through the consolidation of Fujian People's Radio, Fujian Television, Fujian Film Studio, and affiliated units. It was approved by the Fujian CCP Committee and operates as a public-interest institution under the supervision of the propaganda office of the Fujian CCP Committee. The group operates six radio frequencies and ten television channels, including Southeast Satellite Television and Strait Satellite Television, as well as a film studio, pu…
Vietnam
Hanoi Radio-Television (Đài Phát thanh - Truyền hình Hà Nội), was established on October 14, 1954, as the official broadcast network of Vietnam's capital city. According to Vietnamese government sources, regional television stations operate in major Vietnamese cities, including Hanoi, with each of Vietnam's 61 provinces maintaining its own television channel under state oversight. The station initially operated as a fixed radio station with basic technical facilities. The network operates within Vietnam's state media system, which is
China
The Guangxi Autonomous Region Radio and Television Bureau is the provincial-level government agency responsible for managing broadcast media and internet audiovisual content in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region under the oversight of the National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA). The NRTA was established in March 2018 as a ministry-level executive agency controlled by the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party. The bureau operates under dual leadership from both the provincial CCP committee and the national NRTA, implementing policies for broadcast media regulation, content…
Brazil
Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão or SBT, owned by Brazilian TV host Silvio Santos, began its broadcasts on August 19, 1981, by airing its own license signing ceremony from the Ministry of Communications in Brasília. Operating as Brazil's third-largest commercial television network according to recent audience data, SBT stepped into the place of the defunct Tupi network, which operated from 1950 until bankruptcy in 1980. Santos gained licenses to former Tupi channels in São Paulo, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, and Belém, having already owne…
China
The Sichuan International Communication Center, established in March 2022 by the Sichuan Daily Press Group (四川日報報業集團), describes itself as a provincial hub for international media outreach. Officials say the center "covers more than 20 million overseas users" and operates what they call their "flagship video platform" (旗艦視頻平台) "Inspiration China" (灵感中国). The center says it focuses on distributing content about Sichuan culture, tourism, cuisine, gaming, and traditional medicine through what it terms "multi-modal, lightweight video products" (多模態、輕量化視頻). Officials claim the center has developed partnerships with "over 500 international content creators" and "more than 50 international organ…
Chile
Radio Cooperativa, founded on February 17, 1935, and headquartered in Santiago, Chile, is a news radio station operated by Compañía Chilena de Comunicaciones S.A. The station gained prominence for opposing the Augusto Pinochet dictatorship (1973-1990) and denouncing its human rights violations at a time when such reports were federally suppressed. The broadcaster, which maintains historic ties to Chile's Christian Democratic Party, operates on AM frequencies 660 and 1140/1150 kHz. …
Thailand
Matichon is a major Thai-language daily newspaper founded by progressive writers in 1978, when Thailand was emerging from authoritarian rule following the October 6, 1976 Massacre. The newspaper positions itself as a quality, upmarket publication with a strong focus on politics, distinguishing itself from sensationalist mass-circulation papers. With a circulation of approximately 120,000 in 1997, Matichon became one of Thailand's most politically influential newspapers alongside Thai Rath. Since the late 2000s, the publication has
Bangladesh
Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha (BSS), the country's national news agency, was launched on January 1, 1972. The Dhaka bureau of the Associated Press of Pakistan was turned into the national news agency of the new country following the Bangladesh Liberation War. Beginning with a small staff in the head office in Dhaka and a bureau in Chittagong, BSS now has bureaus in Rajshahi, Rangpur, Bagura, Khulna, Barishal, Rangamati, and Sylhet, with correspondents in all 64 administrative districts. The agency functions almost around the clock to disseminate national, international, political, economic, development, and other news to nearly 50 subscriber…
Thailand
The Sing Sian Yer Pao, also known as The Sing Sian Yer Pao Daily News, is a Chinese-language newspaper based in Bangkok, Thailand, founded on June 23, 1950. Originally published in traditional Chinese characters, it switched to simplified Chinese after 2010. In November 2013, the newspaper formed a partnership with China's Southern Media Group. As of February 2016, the paper was priced at 5 baht in Bangkok and 6 baht elsewhere in Thailand. The newspaper operates from its headquarters on Silom Road in Bangkok's Samphanthawong district, continuing its long tradition of serving Thailand's Chinese-language readers.…
Spain
Spain’s Ministry of Culture is the governmental body responsible for promoting and safeguarding the nation’s cultural assets. Its responsibilities encompass the preservation of historical heritage, oversight of museums and archives, and support for the arts, literature, cinema, audiovisual media, and libraries. Created in May 1977 through Royal Decree 1558/1977 during Spain’s transition to democracy, the ministry is meant to advance Spanish-language culture on the world stage.…
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Mirror is a Colombo-based bilingual news website founded in November 2010. It describes itself as "a reliable, unbiased and reputed news company" dedicated to reporting news in Sri Lanka "in an unbiased manner," and says its website is registered with Sri Lanka's Ministry of Mass Media. The outlet covers local and foreign news, arts, features, sports, and business, and operates under the tagline "Right To Know, Power To Change." In April 2025, Sri Lanka Mirror launched a dedicated channel for Let's Meet, an English-language program produced by Chongqing's Weste…
Thailand
The Bangkok Post, founded on August 1, 1946, is Thailand's oldest English-language newspaper still in publication. Published in broadsheet and digital formats, it maintains a daily circulation of 110,000 copies with 80 percent distributed in Bangkok. The newspaper was established by former OSS officer Alexander MacDonald and Thai associate Prasit Lulitanond (ประสิทธิ์ ลุลิตานนท์), initially selling for one baht per four-page issue. Now owned by Bangkok Post Public Company Limited (SET: POST), whose major shareholders include the Chirathivat family, South China Morning Post, and GMM Grammy, the publication employs…

