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Hong Kong Security Bureau

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The Security Bureau (保安局) is a policy bureau of the Hong Kong government responsible for law and order, immigration and customs control, offender and drug rehabilitation, and emergency fire and rescue services. It oversees Hong Kong’s disciplined forces (meaning “uniformed”), including the Hong Kong Police Force, the Correctional Services Department, and the Immigration Department, according to the bureau’s own description of its mandate. Since the 2020 imposition of the Hong Kong National Security Law by China’s National People’s Congress Standing Committee, the bureau has taken a central role in implementing and publicizing national security enforcement, including gazetting amendments to the law’s implementing rules and producing its own media content, such as the 2026 television series NS Files: Decoded. The bureau is headed by the Secretary for Security, a principal official appointed by the Chief Executive.

Hong Kong National Security Department

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The National Security Department (國家安全處) is a specialized unit within the Hong Kong Police Force established to enforce the Hong Kong National Security Law. According to a Hong Kong government announcement made when the law was gazetted, police would establish the department on July 1, 2020, the day after the law took effect. The department is led by a Deputy Commissioner of Police for National Security, a position outside the force’s ordinary operations and management command structure, and works alongside the central government’s Office for Safeguarding National Security in Hong Kong. Its official mandate, as described by the police force, includes collecting and analyzing national security intelligence, investigating offenses that endanger national security, conducting counter-interference investigations and national security reviews, and carrying out tasks assigned by the territory’s Committee for Safeguarding National Security. The department has also organized national security-themed youth media competitions, including NStudio and NStory, and its officers have appeared as featured guests in Security Bureau-produced media content such as the television series NS Files: Decoded.

Sing Tao News Corporation Limited

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Sing Tao News Corporation Limited (星島新聞集團有限公司), also known as the Sing Tao Group (星島新聞集團), is a Hong Kong media company listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange whose flagship title, Sing Tao Daily, was first published in 1938. The present holding company traces to 1996, when it was incorporated as Perfect Treasure Holdings before being acquired and renamed by businessman Charles Ho Tsu-kwok, who chaired the group from 2001 to 2021 and was, according to the South China Morning Post, a standing committee member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, a national political advisory body under the Chinese Communist Party. In 2021, Ho sold a controlling stake to Kwok Hiu-ting, an executive of Mainland Chinese property developer Kaisa Group, and her father Kwok Ying-shing, Kaisa’s chairman, became Sing Tao’s chairman. The group’s titles include Sing Tao Daily, the English-language Standard, and free daily Headline Daily, and it has supported National Security Department-run youth competitions including NStudio and NStory.

i-CABLE Communications Limited

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i-CABLE Communications Limited (有線寬頻通訊有限公司) is a publicly listed Hong Kong media and telecommunications holding company, incorporated in 1999 above the pay-television operator Hong Kong Cable Television, which began broadcasting in 1993. The group today operates a digital terrestrial television network under the “HOY” brand, comprising channels HOY 76, HOY 77 and HOY 78, alongside a broadband service reaching more than two million households. Its news operations were historically known for adversarial journalism, including the investigative program News Lancet. That reputation shifted in December 2020, when the company fired at least 40 newsroom staff in a single morning, including the entire News Lancet team, prompting further resignations and, according to Radio Free Asia, concerns that the network was taking direction from Beijing’s Liaison Office in Hong Kong. i-CABLE is controlled by Forever Top (Asia) Limited, which itself came under the control of New World Development chairman Henry Cheng Kar-shun in 2021. Cheng has served as a Standing Committee member of the Twelfth Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, a national political advisory body under the Chinese Communist Party.

Italpress

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Italpress is an Italian news agency founded in 1988 in Palermo, Sicily. It covers politics, economics, national and international news, sports and entertainment, with editorial offices in Rome and Milan and a New York bureau opened in 2023, giving it a presence across Italy, Europe and the Americas. In May 2025, Italpress signed a content-sharing deal with CCTV+ (央視國際視訊通訊社), the video news agency of China Media Group (中央廣播電視總台), which operates under the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Propaganda Department. In December 2025, Italpress signed a further cooperation agreement with Xinhua, the Chinese state news agency that operates as a ministerial-level body under the State Council and the Party’s Propaganda apparatus, at a Rome forum organized by Xinhua’s European regional office with support from the Chinese Embassy in Italy. At the forum, Italpress announced plans to open a bureau in Beijing in January 2026. Italpress’s website hosts a dedicated section republishing videos and articles from Xinhua.

Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

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The Committee for Safeguarding National Security (維護國家安全委員會) is a Hong Kong government body established on July 3, 2020, under Article 12 of the Hong Kong National Security Law, tasked with primary responsibility for national security affairs in the territory. It is chaired by the Chief Executive and includes the Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary, Secretary for Justice, Secretary for Security, Commissioner of Police, and heads of the Immigration and Customs departments. Under Article 15 of the law, a National Security Adviser appointed by China’s central government attends committee meetings; that role has been held by the director of the Central People’s Government’s Liaison Office in Hong Kong. According to the Department of Justice’s summary of the law, the committee’s work is not subject to oversight by any other Hong Kong institution, its proceedings are not disclosed publicly, and its decisions are not subject to judicial review, on the grounds that national security is a matter reserved to China’s central authorities. The committee has commissioned national security-themed media content, including RTHK’s Bauhinia in Bloom and the annual National Security Education Day program.

Government Public Relations Department Thailand

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Thailand’s Public Relations Department (泰國民聯廳), or PRD, is Thailand’s national information and communication agency, operating under the Prime Minister’s Office. It traces its origin to the Publicity Division, established May 3, 1933, roughly a year after Thailand’s transition from absolute to constitutional monarchy, created to build public understanding of parliamentary democracy under the new system. It took its current name on March 8, 1952. PRD operates Thailand’s state broadcaster, the National Broadcasting Services of Thailand (NBT2HD), an English-language international channel, NBT World, and Radio Thailand’s World Service, which broadcasts in six languages including English, Mandarin, and Japanese. PRD also issues press credentials to domestic and foreign journalists. Its Foreign Affairs Office describes its role as conducting international communications “to create a favorable image of the country,” and PRD holds membership in the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union, the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development, and other regional media bodies, alongside roles in ASEAN and UNESCO cultural and information programs. PRD has signed memoranda of understanding on broadcasting, news exchange, and mass communication with foreign media organizations including China’s Xinhua News Agency, the People’s Daily, and China Media Group.

Thailand Office of the Prime Minister

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The Office of the Prime Minister (สำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี) is the central cabinet-level department of the Thai government responsible for coordinating the executive branch under the prime minister, headquartered at Government House in Bangkok’s Dusit district. Its administrative secretariat component, the Office of the Permanent Secretary to the Prime Minister (สำนักงานปลัดสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี), was established in 1960 under the Prime Minister’s Office Organization Act (No. 7) B.E. 2503, absorbing functions previously held by the Department of Territorial Inspection. The US Library of Congress describes OPM as “the Central Government agency in Thailand coordinating all the executive branch agencies under the Prime Minister.” Thailand’s Public Relations Department (泰國民聯廳), the state body responsible for domestic and international government communications, operates under OPM’s authority.

Daily News Thailand

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Daily News (เดลินิวส์) is a Thai-language daily newspaper published in Bangkok. It traces its founding to June 24, 1950, when founder Saeng Hetrakul (แสง เหตระกูล) — who had run a printing operation for five years — purchased the defunct Thai edition of the Bangkok Daily Mail. The paper was relaunched in 1964 under the name “Naewna Hang Yuk Daily News” (แนวหน้าแห่งยุคเดลินิวส์), with Hetrakul’s son, Praphan Hetrakul (ประพันธ์ เหตระกูล), as editor-in-chief, publishing 16 pages for one baht per issue through Si Phraya Printing Co., Ltd. (บริษัทสี่พระยาการพิมพ์ จำกัด). It is widely cited among Thailand’s top-circulating dailies. In July 2026, Daily News was one of three Thai outlets named by the Chinese Embassy in Bangkok as having published a signed op-ed by Chinese Ambassador Zhang Jianwei.