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Bangladesh Television

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Bangladesh Television or BTV ( বাংলাদেশ টেলিভিশন (বিটিভি)) was established on December 25, 1964, originally as Pakistan Television in East Pakistan before being renamed after Bangladesh’s independence in 1971. The state-owned network operates two main stations – BTV Dhaka and BTV Chittagong, with the Chittagong station established in 1996 – along with fourteen relay stations nationwide and BTV News. The network relies on revenue from license fees imposed on all households, though this has proven insufficient to cover operational costs, requiring significant government financial support. Since private channels emerged in the late 1990s, BTV has experienced declining viewership. Reporters Without Borders has characterized BTV as functioning as a “government propaganda outlet” with no editorial independence.

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Bangladesh

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The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, established on December 16, 1971, is Bangladesh’s government agency responsible for formulating and administering rules and regulations related to information, broadcasting, press, and films. Based at the Bangladesh Secretariat in Dhaka, the ministry oversees 14 agencies including Bangladesh Television, Bangladesh Betar (radio), and the Film Certification Board. The ministry serves as the apex body for releasing government information and media content to public and international audiences. It operates through three main sectors: information, broadcasting, and films.

Fujian International Communication Center

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The Fujian International Communication Center (福建國際傳播中心), or FICC, was established on June 21, 2023, at a ceremony in Fuzhou attended by Zhang Yan (張彦), a standing member of the Fujian CCP Committee and head of its propaganda office. The center was organized under the propaganda office of the Fujian CCP Committee and is built and operated by Fujian Media Group (福建省廣播影視集團). The operating entity is Fujian New Era International Communication Center Co., Ltd. (福建新時代國際傳播中心有限公司), whose general manager as of June 2026 is Lai Han (賴晗), a former Fujian Television reporter who, according to a 2019 Xinhua profile of Xi Jinping, accompanied Xi on official trips in Fujian in 1998 and 1999 and developed a close working relationship with him. At the founding ceremony, Zhang framed the center’s mission as implementing Xi’s directives on international communication capacity-building, urging it to “make good use of the precious ideological and material legacy left by General Secretary Xi during his work in Fujian.” Fujian’s provincial “15th Five-Year Plan,” released in 2026, listed the center among priority institutions for strengthening the province’s international communication system. The center operates through the “Hola Fujian” overseas social media account matrix — active on Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram — alongside content brands including “Molimoli” (茉莉茉莉), “Guobao Combination” (國寶組合), and “Chonggao Combination” (崇高組合). It has pursued media exchange activities with delegations from Indonesia, the Philippines, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, and other countries.

Sichuan Daily Press Group

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Sichuan Daily Newspaper Group was officially established on September 12, 2000, as Western China’s first party newspaper group, built upon the foundation of Sichuan Daily newspaper, which had been founded on September 1, 1952. The Group operates as a public institution under the management delegation of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department, implementing corporate-style management as a modern media conglomerate. According to the Group’s current structure, it now encompasses 13 newspapers, 12 magazines, 9 mobile applications, 20 websites, 2 mobile newspapers, and over 200 third-party media accounts, with total circulation reaching approximately 1.6 million copies and new media coverage exceeding 340 million users. In October 2021, the Sichuan Party Building Periodical Group was merged into the broader Sichuan Daily Newspaper Group structure, expanding its reach in party-focused publications.

Khaosod

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Khaosod , is a daily newspaper founded on April 9, 1991, as part of Matichon Publishing Group, which also operates Matichon and Prachachat. The newspaper currently holds the rank of third best-selling newspaper in Thailand. Khaosod gained prominence in 1994 for its extensive coverage of the cover-up murders of a Thai gem dealer’s wife and son, initially reported by many newspapers as a roadside accident but which Khaosod insisted involved senior Royal Thai Police officers ordering the abduction and murder. The newspaper was awarded Best News Feature from Isra Amanantakul Foundation that year for its coverage. The online section experienced a 98% rise in visits in 2010, and Khaosod English was launched in 2013.

Fujian Media Group

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Fujian Media Group (福建省廣播影視集團) is a provincial-level state broadcasting and media conglomerate established on February 8, 2004, through the consolidation of Fujian People’s Radio, Fujian Television, Fujian Film Studio, and affiliated units. It was approved by the Fujian CCP Committee and operates as a public-interest institution under the supervision of the propaganda office of the Fujian CCP Committee. The group operates six radio frequencies and ten television channels, including Southeast Satellite Television and Strait Satellite Television, as well as a film studio, publishing operations, and digital media platforms. The group also operates Fujian International Communication Center (福建國際傳播中心), established in June 2023 to expand the province’s overseas propaganda reach.

Hanoi Radio and Television

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Hanoi Radio-Television (Đài Phát thanh – Truyền hình Hà Nội), was established on October 14, 1954, as the official broadcast network of Vietnam’s capital city. According to Vietnamese government sources, regional television stations operate in major Vietnamese cities, including Hanoi, with each of Vietnam’s 61 provinces maintaining its own television channel under state oversight. The station initially operated as a fixed radio station with basic technical facilities. The network operates within Vietnam’s state media system, which is overseen by the Ministry of Information and Communication, and serves to disseminate officially approved information. Currently operating three television channels and multiple radio channels, the network represents one of Vietnam’s regional television stations within the broader state broadcasting infrastructure.

Guangxi Autonomous Region Radio and Television Bureau

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The Guangxi Autonomous Region Radio and Television Bureau is the provincial-level government agency responsible for managing broadcast media and internet audiovisual content in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region under the oversight of the National Radio and Television Administration (NRTA). The NRTA was established in March 2018 as a ministry-level executive agency controlled by the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party. The bureau operates under dual leadership from both the provincial CCP committee and the national NRTA, implementing policies for broadcast media regulation, content monitoring, licensing administration, and technology integration. Its functions include enforcing national broadcast propaganda guidelines, developing local management policies, monitoring media content for compliance with state standards, issuing administrative licenses to broadcasters, promoting digital technology integration, and coordinating international media exchanges within the framework of China’s broader media governance structure.

Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão (SBT)

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Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão or SBT, owned by Brazilian TV host Silvio Santos, began its broadcasts on August 19, 1981, by airing its own license signing ceremony from the Ministry of Communications in Brasília. Operating as Brazil’s third-largest commercial television network according to recent audience data, SBT stepped into the place of the defunct Tupi network, which operated from 1950 until bankruptcy in 1980. Santos gained licenses to former Tupi channels in São Paulo, Porto Alegre, Rio de Janeiro, and Belém, having already owned TVS Rio de Janeiro channel 11 since 1976. The network broadcasts entertainment programming, including Mexican telenovelas from Televisa, children’s shows through a Disney partnership that ended in August 2018, and news programs. While historically second in Brazilian ratings, SBT now ranks third behind Globo and Record TV, operating eight owned stations and over 90 affiliates nationwide.