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Council for Electronic Media

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The Council for Electronic Media (CEM) is Bulgaria’s regulatory body for media services, established in late 2001. Operating under the Radio and Television Act, the CEM oversees both linear and nonlinear (fixed and on-demand) media services, including radio and television broadcasting, by setting standards and regulations that operators must comply with. The agency’s members are appointed by the National Assembly and the President through a rotational system. The CEM’s responsibilities include licensing broadcasters, monitoring compliance with advertising and content regulations, arbitrating disputes, protecting consumer rights, and promoting fair competition in the electronic media sector. 

Golden Phoenix News

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The Golden Phoenix, established in 2007, is Myanmar’s only legally authorized Chinese-language media outlet under the Ministry of Information. The newspaper claims it “serves as a bridge of friendship, platform for information, and garden for Chinese education” (友谊之桥梁、信息之平台、华教之园地). Under Executive Director Zhang Chong (張翀), the publication maintains sections covering mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and overseas Chinese community news. In September 2011, Zhang Chong represented the outlet at the 6th World Chinese Media Forum in Chongqing, China. The paper states it aims to promote China-Myanmar friendship and Chinese culture while providing a platform for Myanmar’s Chinese community.

Xinmin Evening News

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The Xinmin Evening News, was established on September 9, 1929, in Nanjing as Xinmin Po (新民報) by three editors from Central News Agency: Chen Mingde (陳銘德), Wu Zhusi (吳竹似), and Liu Zhenghua (劉正華). After 1946, the newspaper expanded to Shanghai, where it launched its evening edition as Xinmin Evening News. Currently owned by Shanghai United Media Group (上海報業集團), the publication underwent significant transformation in 1958 when the evening edition was formally renamed from Xinmin Po Evening Edition to Xinmin Evening News. In October 2020, the United States Department of State designated the newspaper as a foreign mission of the Chinese government. On January 1, 2025, Xinmin Evening News was integrated with Liberation Daily (解放日報) and Wenhui Daily (文匯報) into the unified Shangguan News platform (上觀新聞), consolidating Shanghai’s three major newspapers under a shared digital framework.

Government of Serbia

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The Government of Serbia, headquartered at 11 Nemanjina Street in Belgrade, is the country’s executive branch, established in its current form on May 2, 2024, though tracing its origins to the Serbian Governing Council of 1805. The institution evolved through several iterations, including the People’s Government of Serbia in 1945, before taking its present form. The government comprises 32 ministries and operates under the leadership of a prime minister, who is nominated by the president and appointed by the National Assembly. According to Serbia’s constitution, the government determines policy, executes laws, adopts regulations, proposes legislation, and directs public administration. The organization maintains oversight responsibility to the National Assembly and is housed in the Government Building in Belgrade.

Metro

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Metro is a British freesheet tabloid newspaper distributed weekday mornings across England, Wales, and Scotland. A sister publication to the conservative Daily Mail, Metro was launched in 1999 initially as a London-only newspaper with 85,000 copies distributed via dedicated bins in London Underground stations. The publication expanded nationally and in February 2018 climbed ahead of The Sun in total print circulation to become the UK’s most circulated newspaper. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Metro suffered financial losses from reduced advertising during travel disruptions and cost increases. Following a 2023 restructuring that combined its print and online operations, the publication became profitable in both print and online formats in 2024.

Vision Group

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The Vision Group, also known as New Vision Printing & Publishing Company Limited, is a multimedia company that opened in Uganda in March 1986, with majority control by the Ugandan government. It publishes the English-language daily New Vision newspaper, alongside local language editions. The company also operates multiple television channels, including Bukedde TV, Urban TV, and TV West, as well as radio stations (XFM and Bukedde FM). The New Vision Group was established under the 1987 Act of Parliament and became a publicly listed company on the Uganda Securities Exchange in November 2004, trading under the symbol NVL. The Ugandan government maintains majority control with a 53.3 percent shareholding. The company has ties to Chinese media through various partnerships, including a media partnership with China Broadcasting International Economic and Technical Cooperation Co., Ltd since 2024 for broadcasting Chinese content, and content-sharing initiatives, including essay competitions such as “My China Story” that encourage participation within prescribed party-state narrative frameworks, essentially harnessing private storytelling for state messaging.

Propaganda Office of the Jiangxi Committee of the Chinese Communist Party

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The Propaganda Department of the CCP Committee of Jiangxi Province (中共江西省委宣傳部) serves as the primary vehicle for the provincial Chinese Communist Party leadership to exercise control over public opinion and propaganda throughout Jiangxi Province. Operating under the direct authority of the provincial Party committee, the department oversees ideological work, news media management, and cultural affairs to ensure alignment with Party directives and central government policies. The department runs key “mouthpiece” (喉舌) media including Jiangxi Daily (江西日報), the province’s official Party newspaper, and coordinates with other state media outlets to disseminate approved narratives. The department also manages foreign media engagement, cultural exchange programs, and educational initiatives designed to promote Party ideology while controlling information flow and maintaining political orthodoxy across the province’s media landscape.

Canal Sur

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Canal Sur is the public broadcaster of the Autonomous Community of Andalusia, launched on 28 February 1989. It broadcasts news, entertainment, sports, magazine shows, cooking programs, movies, and series, alongside content dedicated to Andalusian cultural traditions such as flamenco and regional festivals. The channel is part of Radio y Televisión de Andalucía (RTVA). In 2023, the broadcaster joined a group of Spanish media in broadcasting “China-Spain Cultural Journey” (中西文化之旅), a series of programs marking the 50th anniversary of China-Spain diplomatic relations, organized between Spain’s Ministry of Culture and the China Media Group (CMG), the mega-conglomerate under China’s Central Propaganda Department. 

Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation of Nigeria

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The Federal Ministry of Information and National Orientation serves as Nigeria’s primary federal agency responsible for information dissemination and promoting democratic governance within the Federal Republic. The ministry operates under Nigeria’s current democratic government, which began in May 1999 when President Olusegun Obasanjo took office after 16 years of consecutive military rule. The organization’s mandate encompasses disseminating essential and vital information to enhance and facilitate democratic governance while also promoting Nigeria’s cultural heritage and tourism potential. Operating from Abuja, the ministry manages various agencies, including the National Archives of Nigeria and the Federal Government Press, and is headed by a minister appointed by the president. President Muhammadu Buhari, who served from May 2015 to May 2023, restructured various government ministries during his administration as part of Nigeria’s evolving governmental structure.