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Entity Type: Domestic Non-Chinese Language Media

Myanmar Radio and Television

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Myanmar Radio and Television (MRTV) evolved from the Burma Broadcasting Service, which began radio operations in 1936 during British colonial rule. The organization, which broadcasts television from Kamayut, Yangon, and radio primarily from Naypyidaw, claims its TV signals reach 92.7 percent of Myanmar’s population and its radio coverage reaches 100 percent. The military government that took power in 1988 renamed the service Myanmar Radio and Television in 1997. The network launched a television service in June 1980 and switched to digital terrestrial broadcasting with DVB-T2 in October 2013. MRTV expanded its multiplex system to include additional channels in February 2015 and March 2018, and as of 2014, Myanmar Radio broadcasts 18 hours daily on FM stations nationwide.

Rossiyskaya Gazeta

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Rossiyskaya Gazeta (Российская газета) was established on November 11, 1990, by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR during the glasnost reforms, shortly before the Soviet Union’s dissolution. The newspaper serves as the official publication of the Russian Federation’s government, replacing Izvestia and Sovetskaya Rossiya after their privatization. Its role is legally mandated by Federal Law N 5-FZ from June 14, 1994, which designates it as the official venue for publishing federal laws, presidential decrees, and government acts. The publication has drawn international criticism, including controversy over its 2007 coverage of the Katyn massacre, where columnist Alexander Sabov questioned Soviet responsibility for the killings. In May 2024, the European Union suspended the newspaper’s broadcasting activities across the EU, citing its role in “supporting Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine” and spreading propaganda. The Council of the European Union stated that Rossiyskaya Gazeta operates “under the permanent direct or indirect control of the leadership of the Russian Federation” and plays an instrumental role in Russia’s information manipulation campaigns.

BFM Business

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BFM Business (originally Business FM) is a French business news radio station created in 1992 and based in Paris, focusing exclusively on economic and financial information. The station expanded into television with BFM TV launched on November 28, 2005, and has been part of the RMC BFM media group, owned by CMA CGM, since 2024.

Milano Pavia TV

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Milano Pavia TV is an Italian local television broadcaster serving the northern Province of Pavia and the Milan metropolitan area. Originally launched as telePAVIA in February 2010, the station focused on local news, sports, culture, and events across Pavia Province. In February 2019, the broadcaster rebranded as Milano Pavia TV to expand its coverage to include Milan city and the southern Milan area. The station operates two daily news editions covering both territories and positions itself as an independent, non-partisan source of local information. 

LIMEX

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LIMEX is a Cyprus-based streaming platform opened in February 2020. The platform provides live television channels from multiple countries across web platforms, offering content in over eight languages, including English, Portuguese, Spanish, German, and Arabic. LIMEX claims over 100 million downloads worldwide with presence in Nigeria, Brazil, Turkey, Germany, and Egypt. The company operates through official distribution agreements with broadcasters and content owners on a revenue-sharing model for advertising inventory, marketing regional variations of its service under different brand names, including World TV, Brasil TV, and US TV, while carrying channels such as Al Jazeera and Taiwan’s CNA on its platform.

Les Échos

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Les Échos was founded in 1908 by brothers Émile and Robert Servan-Schreiber, initially named Les Échos de l’Exportation to promote their family’s hardware export business. The newspaper covers French and international economic and financial news, stock market analysis, and trends in high-tech development, with sections including “Ideas” and “Debates” that provide platforms for commentary and discussion. It began as a monthly publication, was renamed Les Échos in 1928, becoming a daily newspaper. The family-led luxury products group LVMH Group currently owns the paper, which maintains both print and digital editions. 

Agence France-Presse

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Agence France-Presse (AFP) is a global news agency providing fast, comprehensive and verified coverage of world events and daily life issues. Drawing from a newsgathering network across 150 countries, AFP has developed a strong digital verification operation. With 2,600 staff representing 100 nationalities, the agency covers news in six languages through multimedia storytelling spanning video, text, photos and graphics. As one of three major international news agencies (after Reuters and the Associated Press) and the only European one, AFP serves media outlets, digital platforms, companies and institutions worldwide and has won numerous awards throughout its history.

Kompas

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Kompas, Indonesia’s largest national daily newspaper, provides comprehensive coverage of politics, economics, society, and culture. The newspaper was founded on June 28, 1965, by journalists P.K. Ojong and Jakob Oetama following a suggestion by General Ahmad Yani, a government official, to Frans Seda, a Catholic minister in President Sukarno’s cabinet, to establish a media outlet that would balance media linked to the Communist Party and other political groups. The publication faced a two-week ban in January 1978 during Indonesia’s New Order era — the authoritarian regime under President Suharto from 1966 to 1998 — for coverage deemed too critical of government policies. Kompas pioneered digital journalism in Indonesia and launched Kompas.id in 2017 as a subscription-based platform.

Sinar Harian

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Sinar Harian (Daily Light) is a Malay-language newspaper launched on July 31, 2006.The publication covers national and local news, politics, crime, economy, sports, and entertainment, serving Malay-speaking audiences across Malaysia. Sinar Harian operates both print and digital editions, providing news coverage and feature stories that address issues relevant to Malaysian communities. The paper is part of the Karangkraf Group’s broader media portfolio, which includes magazines and digital platforms for  Malaysian readers.