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China
The Internet Affairs Office of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the CCP serves as the provincial-level branch of China's national cyberspace governance system. It functions as the executive arm of the Shaanxi Provincial Cyberspace Affairs Commission, operating under the "one institution with two names" system that characterizes China's cyberspace administration bodies. The office is responsible for implementing internet censorship, cybersecurity measures, and information control policies within Shaanxi Province. Similar to its national counterpart, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), it coordinates internet information content management, supervision, and enforcement at the p…
Russia
Gazprom-Media Holding is one of Russia's largest media conglomerates, controlling nearly 20 television and radio channels plus digital platforms. Key assets include flagship channel NTV, sports network Match TV, entertainment channel TNT, and digital platforms like Rutube and PREMIER. The company also operates extensive radio networks, including Energy and Autoradio. Classified as "Captured Public/State-Managed," Gazprom Media maintains complex state control through Gazprombank ownership, ultimately tracing to entities close to Presiden…
Germany
Berliner Zeitung is a daily German newspaper first published on May 21, 1945, as the first post-World War II daily in Berlin. Initially established under Soviet control in East Berlin, it became the largest newspaper in the German Democratic Republic during the Cold War era. After German reunification, ownership changed multiple times through Gruner+Jahr and Robert Maxwell (1990), Holtzbrinck (2002), Mecom Group (2005), DuMont (2009), and finally to entrepreneurs Silke and Holger Friedrich in September 2019. The paper
Spain
On October 25, 2019, China's Xinhua News Agency (新華社) and Spain's Europa Press announced a collaboration agreement that both parties described as "a privileged broadcast channel" for Spain in China. Europa Press, Spain's largest private news agency, partnered with the Chinese state-run agency in what Xinhua
Spain
El Mundo Financiero, founded in 1946 by José Luis Barceló Fernández de la Mora, is an international economic and financial daily publication based in Madrid. The outlet specializes in economics, finance, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), stock markets, foreign trade, banking, and insurance. The publication also features specialized sections on automotive, wine, and gastronomy. El Mundo Financiero maintains offices in Madrid, Barcelona, and Pamplona. …
Russia
ANO TV-Novosti is the parent company of RT (formerly Russia Today), registered as an "autonomous non-profit organization" on 6 April 2005 in Moscow with registration number 1057746595367. The organization was founded by the Russian state news agency RIA Novosti and operates from 111020 Moscow, Borovaya Street 3, Building 1. ANO TV-Novosti has been sanctioned by multiple jurisdictions including the European Union, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Ukraine, and Australia for its role in spreading propaganda. According to EU sanctions documentati…
Greece
Chinese President Xi Jinping (習近平) published a signed article titled "Let the Wisdom of Ancient Civilizations Illuminate the Future" (讓古老文明的智慧照鑑未來) in Greece's Kathimerini newspaper on November 10, 2019. The piece appeared ahead of his three-day state visit to Greece at the invitation of President Prokopis Pavlopoulos (Προκόπης Παυλόπουλος). Xi drew parallels between ancient Chinese and Greek philosophy, emphasizing their shared "human-centered" (以民為本) values while promoting Belt and Road (一帶一路) cooperation. He claimed Piraeus had been transformed into the "Mediterran…
China, Mexico
On September 19, 2012, Liu Yunshan (劉雲山), then Chinese Communist Party Politburo member and head of the Central Propaganda Department (中央宣傳部部長), met with the director of Mexico's Presidential Press Office at the Great Hall of the People (人民大會堂) in Beijing. According to the official Chinese government report, Liu stated that China-Mexico relations had maintained "good development momentum" (良好發展勢頭) over 40 years of diplomatic relations and expressed desire to "deepen strategic partnership" (深入發展戰略伙伴關係). The Chinese report stated that Liu called for strengthened news media exchang…
Argentina
Argentina's Federal System of Public Media and Content (Sistema Federal de Medios y Contenidos Públicos) was created on December 10, 2015, through Decree 12/2015 under President Mauricio Macri. Initially headed by Hernán Lombardi, the system oversees Argentina's public media ecosystem, including Télam news agency, public television and radio networks, digital channels, and cultural centers. In 2018, it was downgraded from ministerial status to s…
China, Mexico
Cai Mingzhao (蔡名照), President of Xinhua News Agency, met with Alejandro Ramos Esquivel, Director General of Mexico's state news agency Notimex, in Beijing on September 22, 2015. During the meeting, Cai stated that despite geographical distance, China and Mexico share "long-standing friendship" (源远流长). Emphasizing media as a tool of bilateral exchange, Cai described news media as bearing "an important mission in promoting friendly exchanges between the two countries" (增进两国之间友好交往的重要使命). Cai stated that Xinhua prioritizes reporting on Mexico and Latin America, and expressed des…
Mexico
Notimex, formerly known as Agencia Mexicana de Noticias, was Mexico's official state news agency until its dissolution in December 2023. Founded on August 20, 1968, to cover the Mexico City Olympics, the agency operated for over five decades under government ownership. The agency underwent reform in June 2006, changing its name and establishing what it described as "genuine editorial independence" through governance by a board with representatives from various state entities. Notimex ceased operations in June 2020 following a strike that…
Hong Kong
Phoenix Media Investment Holdings Limited is a multinational media corporation headquartered in Hong Kong, with major operations in Beijing and Shenzhen. The company operates six satellite television channels targeting global Chinese audiences. The company was founded on March 31, 1996, by Liu Changle (劉長樂), initially through a joint venture between his Today's Asia Limited company, Hong Kong Satellite Television, and Huaying International. Liu, who previously served as a journalist and senior manager at China Central Radio before moving o…
Cambodia
The China-ASEAN Artificial Intelligence Development and Governance Cooperation Seminar (中國-東盟人工智能發展與治理合作研討會) was held on December 9, 2024, in Phnom Penh, jointly organized by Cambodia's Economic, Social and Cultural Council and the China Institute of International Studies (中國國際問題研究院). Deputy Prime Minister Vongsey Vissoth (旺西偉索) praised China's AI achievements and called for strengthened policy coordination, research collaboration, and talent development to promote more inclusive and fair global AI governance. He highlighted that Cambodia is
Nigeria
On March 6, 2025, Chinese Ambassador to Nigeria Yu Dunhai (于敦海) met with Nigeria's Information and National Orientation Minister Mohammed Idris in Abuja. Ambassador Yu stated that during the China-Africa Cooperation Forum (FOCAC) Beijing Summit in 2024, President Xi Jinping and Nigerian President Bola Tinubu jointly announced the elevation of China-Nigeria relations to a comprehensive strategic partnership. Yu emphasized China's commitment to im…
China
Established in Chongqing, Jiazuo Film and Television Culture Media Co., Ltd., specializes in film production, distribution, digital cultural creative activities, and broadcast media services. The company is headquartered in Building 7 of Jingyu International Cultural and Creative Park in Jiulongpo District. With a registered capital of 5 million yuan, the firm is majority-owned by CEO Zuo Yue (左越), with 80 percent, and Yin Boyu (尹博宇) as a minority shareholder with 20 percent. While there is no evidence of direct state involvement in Jiazuo Film and Television Culture Media, the company has been involved in international content distribution with explicit governmental involvement. The comp…
China
The Cyberspace Administration of China, established in May 2011 as the State Internet Information Office, functions as China's powerful internet regulator and censor. Now serving as the executive arm of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (chaired by Xi Jinping), the CAC implements far-reaching censorship, regulates internet content, and oversees data security policies. Led by Zhuang Rongwen (庄榮文), who concurrently serves as a deputy head of the Chinese Communist Party's Central Propaganda Department (officially translated as "Publicity Department"), the agency exercises extensive powers through the 2016 Cybersecurity …
Thailand
Thailand TV5, officially the Royal Thai Army Radio and Television Station, is Thailand's second-oldest television station, launched in January 1958 by the Royal Thai Army. Owned and operated by the Royal Thai Army, the network is headquartered at 210 Phaholyothin Road in Phaya Thai District, Bangkok. Originally known as HSA-TV Channel 7, the station transitioned to color broadcasting and adopted the Channel 5 name in 1974. Academic research notes that Thailand's "Army S…
China
The China Public Diplomacy Association (中國公共外交協會 )was established in March 2013 as a juridical association with 64 founding members, functioning as a "nationwide non-profit organization." The organization strives to "project to the world a positive image of China that is civilized, democratic, open, and progressive, and create an international environment conducive to China's peaceful development." Former Foreign Minister Li Zhaoxing (李肇星) served as its first president, followed by current president Wu Hailong (吳海龍), a …
South Africa
The South African Government, established in 1968, operates as a parliamentary republic with a three-tier system and independent judiciary. The national government consists of three branches: the legislative (Parliament with National Assembly and National Council of Provinces based in Cape Town), the executive (President, Deputy President and 32 Ministers based in Pretoria), and the judicial (Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Appeal, and High Court). The second tier comprises nine provincial governments, each with legislatures and executives led by Premiers. The third tier consists of local governments organized as metropolitan, district, and local municipalities. All levels operate …
China
The China Institute of International Studies or CIIS (中國國際問題研究所) is a professional research institute established in 1956 and directly administered by China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Originally founded as the Institute of International Relations of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it was renamed the Institute of International Relations in 1958 and assumed its current name in December 1986. In 1998, the China Center for International Studies was incorporated into CIIS. The institute focuses on global politics and economics research to facilitate central government decision-making. CIIS comprises eight departments covering region…

