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Entity Type: Domestic State-Affiliated Media

Edicoes Novembro

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Edições Novembro is an Angolan state-owned publishing house established in 1976 following the nationalization of Empresa Gráfica de Angola through Law No. 51/1976. The company publishes several newspapers, including the flagship daily Jornal de Angola, the financial periodical Jornal de Economia & Finanças, and many others. Operating under the Ministry of Telecommunications, Information Technologies, and Social Communication, Edições Novembro is heavily reliant on government subsidies, which accounted for 87 percent of its operating income in 2019. The company’s editorial line largely reflects official government positions, with content analysis finding consistent pro-government bias.

Namibia Press Agency

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The Namibia Press Agency (NAMPA) is the state-owned national news agency of Namibia, initially founded in 1987 and officially established in 1991 following Namibia’s independence. The agency was created under the Namibia Press Agency Act of 1992, which formalized its status as the country’s official news agency. NAMPA covers government affairs, sports, education, and the economy, and has partnered with several international news agencies, including Agence France-Presse, Deutsche Presse-Agentur, China’s official Xinhua News Agency (新华社), and Russia’s state-run Sputnik. The agency has also faced questions about editorial independence; in October 2002, the Committee to Protect Journalists asserted that NAMPA had “long practiced self-censorship on contentious issues” and accused the agency of being a government mouthpiece, criticism that has persisted in subsequent years.

Radio Televizioni Shqiptar

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Albanian Radio-Television, known as Radio Televizioni Shqiptar (RTSH), is the public service broadcaster of Albania, established with the founding of Radio Tirana, which began broadcasting on November 28, 1944. The television division, known as TVSH, commenced operations in April 1960. Today, RTSH operates more than 20 television and radio channels, including Radio Tirana International. While RTSH is formally governed by the Albanian Parliament and funded through license fees, state subsidies, and commercial revenue, its editorial independence has been severely undermined since 2023, according to news reports. The appointment of Alfred Peza, a former Socialist Party MP, as Director General in June 2023 was followed by mass dismissals of journalists, prompting objections from the European Federation of Journalists.

RT

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RT, formerly Russia Today, is a Russian state-controlled international news network funded by the Russian government. Launched in 2005, RT operates channels in multiple languages, including English, Arabic, Spanish, French, and German. The network has been widely described as a propaganda outlet for the Russian government, with Margarita Simonyan, RT’s editor-in-chief, once comparing it to Russia’s Ministry of Defense and stating it was “waging an information war” against the West. Following Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, RT was banned throughout the European Union, while platforms like YouTube, Facebook, and Microsoft restricted its content. RT has been repeatedly found by regulators to broadcast “materially misleading” information and has been ordered to register as a foreign agent in the United States.

Antigua Broadcasting Service

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The Antigua Broadcasting Service is the state-controlled broadcaster of Antigua and Barbuda, operating one radio station and one television channel. The service was officially organized in February 1956, with shortwave programming inaugurated in 1957 and radio broadcasts beginning in June 1962. In May 2024, China Media Group (中央廣播電視總台), the state broadcaster under the direct control of the Chinese Communist Party’s Central Propaganda Department, donated video cameras and media equipment to ABS.

Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation

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The Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation (CyBC) is a public service media company founded in 1953, operating four radio channels and two television stations that cover a range of topics, including politics, economics, finance, and general news. The broadcaster is governed by a nine-member Board of Directors appointed by Cyprus’s Council of Ministers. The government maintains indirect control through its authority to approve the broadcaster’s annual budget and appoint board members, thereby enabling the ruling political party, critics say, to influence the editorial direction. A 2022 report by Cyprus’s auditor-general catalogued widespread irregularities at the public broadcaster — from opaque hiring to inflated payrolls — revealing how the corporation increased costs by 28 percent over three years despite recommendations to cut staff.

Radio Nacional del Perú

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Radio Nacional del Perú is Peru’s first and oldest radio station, originating as the private station Lima OAX-AM owned by the Peruvian Broadcasting Company. Founded in 1924 by César A. Coloma and Santiago Acuña, the station began broadcasting on June 20, 1925, following five days of test broadcasts. After the private station declared bankruptcy, the Peruvian government took control through a resolution on September 6, 1926. The station was officially relaunched as Radio Nacional del Perú on January 30, 1937, under President Óscar R. Benavides with new transmitters and facilities in San Miguel, Lima. The station broadcasts in Spanish, Quechua, and Aymara across Peru’s nationwide AM and FM frequencies. Radio Nacional is currently owned by the National Institute of Radio and Television of Peru (IRTP), a state-owned company, and operates multiple subsidiaries throughout the country connected via satellite, covering national and international events.

Radio Republik Indonesia

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Radio Republik Indonesia (印尼國家廣播電台), or RRI, is Indonesia’s public radio network and one of the country’s two national public broadcasting institutions, alongside state television network TVRI. Founded on September 11, 1945, RRI is the first radio network in Indonesia and one of the oldest media companies in the country. Headquartered on Medan Merdeka Barat Street in Central Jakarta, RRI operates four radio networks and visual radio channels supported by roughly 90 local stations, the largest of any radio network in Indonesia. The network provides nationwide broadcasting services and operates Voice of Indonesia, its overseas broadcasting division that delivers information about Indonesia to international audiences. RRI is funded primarily through annual state budget allocations approved by parliament, advertising revenue, and other services.

Myanmar International TV

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Myanmar International Television (MITV) is a state-owned English-language television channel launched on August 1, 2001, as MRTV-3, Myanmar’s third television channel after MRTV (1980) and Myawaddy TV (1995). The channel was rebranded as Myanmar International Television in April 2010 and broadcasts from Yangon. The channel, which is under the country’s Ministry of Information, claims to provide “accurate, balanced, independent” coverage but enforces “rigid editorial control,” according to the State Media Monitor. During the 2007 anti-government protests, MITV attacked Western outlets as “sky-full of liars,” revealing its role as a state messaging platform rather than independent journalism.